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Although anthropologists worldwide refer to Tylor's definition of culture, [32] in the 20th century "culture" emerged as the central and unifying concept of American anthropology, where it most commonly refers to the universal human capacity to classify and encode human experiences symbolically, and to communicate symbolically encoded ...
Genes and the environment influence human biological variation in visible characteristics, physiology, disease susceptibility, mental abilities, body size, and life span. Though humans vary in many traits (such as genetic predispositions and physical features), humans are among the least genetically diverse primates.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to culture: Culture – a set of patterns of human activity within a community or social group and the symbolic structures that give significance to such activity. Customs, laws, dress, architectural style, social standards, and traditions are all examples of cultural elements.
The sociology of culture is an older concept, and considers some topics and objects as more or less "cultural" than others. By way of contrast, Jeffrey C. Alexander introduced the term cultural sociology, an approach that sees all, or most, social phenomena as inherently cultural at some level. [3]
A cultural universal (also called an anthropological universal or human universal) is an element, pattern, trait, or institution that is common to all known human cultures worldwide. Taken together, the whole body of cultural universals is known as the human condition .
Monoculturalism is the policy or process of supporting, advocating, or allowing the expression of the culture of a single social or ethnic group. [1] It generally stems from beliefs within the dominant group that their cultural practices are superior to those of minority groups [2] and is often related to the concept of ethnocentrism, which involves judging another culture based on the values ...
Defined as the study of human cultures, their integral systems, and their influence on human behavior, it may be formally compared to the Western discipline of cultural studies, although it has a number of important distinctions. Over past decades the following basic cultural schools were formed:
A cultural trait is a single identifiable material or non-material element within a culture, and is conceivable as an object in itself. [1] [2] [3]Similar traits can be grouped together as components, or subsystems of culture; [4] the terms sociofact and mentifact (or psychofact) [5] were coined by biologist Julian Huxley as two of three subsystems of culture—the third being artifacts—to ...