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Goldenhar syndrome is a rare congenital defect characterized by incomplete development of the ear, nose, soft palate, lip and mandible on usually one side of the body. Common clinical manifestations include limbal dermoids , preauricular skin tags and strabismus . [ 1 ]
Dankelson was born in Michigan in the year 2000. [1] He was born 10 weeks early and weighed less than three pounds. [2] He was born with numerous birth defects such as microtia and atresia due to Goldenhar syndrome, and has had 36 surgeries to correct his facial, airway and other deformities. [3]
Maurice Goldenhar (January 15, 1924 – September 11, 2001) was a Belgian–American ophthalmologist and general practitioner. He emigrated from Belgium to the United States in 1940. He later returned to Europe for medical studies, and then returned once again to the United States. [1] He first diagnosed what became known as Goldenhar syndrome ...
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The small condyle can be present either one or both sides of the lower jaw. This type of condition usually happens as part of systemic diseases such as Hemifacial microsomia, Mandibulofacial Dysostosis, Goldenhar syndrome, Hurler syndrome, Proteus syndrome and Morquio syndrome. [2] [3] [4]
The VACTERL association (also VATER association, and less accurately VACTERL syndrome) refers to a recognized group of birth defects which tend to co-occur (see below). This pattern is a recognized association, as opposed to a syndrome , because there is no known pathogenetic cause to explain the grouped incidence.
Hemifacial microsomia (HFM) is a congenital disorder that affects the development of the lower half of the face, most commonly the ears, the mouth and the mandible.It usually occurs on one side of the face, but both sides are sometimes affected.
Low-set ears are a clinical feature in which the ears are positioned lower on the head than usual. They are present in many congenital conditions.Low-set ears are defined as the outer ears being positioned two or more standard deviations lower than the population average. [1]