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The Indian influences in early Philippine polities, particularly the influence of the Srivijaya and Majapahit thalassocracies on cultural development, is a significant area of research for scholars of Philippine, Indonesian, and Southeast Asian history, [1] and is believed to be the source of Hindu and Buddhist elements in early Philippine culture, religion, and language.
Srivijaya (Indonesian: Sriwijaya), [2]: 131 also spelled Sri Vijaya, [3] [4] was a Hindu-Buddhist thalassocratic [5] empire based on the island of Sumatra (in modern-day Indonesia) that influenced much of Southeast Asia. [6] Srivijaya was an important centre for the expansion of Buddhism from the 7th to 11th century AD.
Between the 7th and the 13th century, much of the Malay Peninsula was under the Buddhist Srivijaya empire. The site of Srivijaya's centre is thought be at a river mouth in eastern Sumatra, based near what is now Palembang. [94] For over six centuries the Maharajahs of Srivijaya ruled a maritime empire that became the main power in the ...
Historian Robert Nicholl also positively identify the pre-Islamic Bruneian Buddhist kingdom of Vijayapura, itself a Bornean tributary of the Srivijaya Empire in Palembang, and in earlier times was a rump state in Sarawak of the fallen Funan Civilization formerly at what is now Cambodia, [120]: 36 this was the ancestral homeland of the Visayans ...
Dharmawangsa campaign against Srivijaya in 990's ultimately did not have much effect on Srivijaya's sovereignty. Srivijaya successfully repel the invasion and regain control of their kingdom possibly since 1003, since that year Srivijaya has sent number of envoys to Chinese court regularly until 1178. [21]: 200
The conversion of the remnants of the Buddhist Srivijaya empire that once controlled trade in much of Southeast Asia, in particular the Strait of Malacca, marked a religious turning point with the conversion of the strait into an Islamic water. With the fall of Srivijaya, the way was open for effective and widespread proselytization and the ...
The Rattanakosin Kingdom, [i] also known as the Kingdom of Siam [ii] after 1855, refers to the Siamese kingdom between 1782 and 1932 [8] [9] It was founded in 1782 with the establishment of Rattanakosin (), which replaced the city of Thonburi as the capital of Siam.
The personal relationship between overlord and subordinate rulers also defined the dynamic of relationship within a mandala. The relations between Dharmasetu of Srivijaya and Samaratungga of Sailendra, for instance, defined the succession of this dynastic family. Dharmasetu was the Srivijayan Maharaja overlord, while the house of Sailendra in ...