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The Boomerang Nebula is a protoplanetary nebula [2] located 5,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation Centaurus. It is also known as the Bow Tie Nebula and catalogued as LEDA 3074547. [ 3 ] The nebula's temperature is measured at 1 K (−272.15 °C ; −457.87 °F ) making it the coolest natural place currently known in the Universe .
A recent distance from radio parallaxes of water masers at 22 GHz made during 2014 is estimated it lies 2.82±0.20 kpc. (9200 ly.) from us. [ 5 ] Colloquially, NGC 281 is also known as the Pacman Nebula for its resemblance to the video game character .
A nebula that is visible to the human eye from Earth would appear larger, but no brighter, from close by. [6] The Orion Nebula, the brightest nebula in the sky and occupying an area twice the angular diameter of the full Moon, can be viewed with the naked eye but was missed by early astronomers. [7]
Earth's outer core is a fluid layer about 2,260 km (1,400 mi) in height (i.e. distance from the highest point to the lowest point at the edge of the inner core) [36% of the Earth's radius, 15.6% of the volume] and composed of mostly iron and nickel that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle. [31]
The structure in the nebula is among the most complex ever seen in planetary nebulae. The spectrum of Butterfly Nebula shows that its central star is one of the hottest stars known, with a surface temperature in excess of 250,000 degrees Celsius, implying that the star from which it formed must have been very large.
Earth's inner core is the innermost geologic layer of the planet Earth. It is primarily a solid ball with a radius of about 1,220 km (760 mi), which is about 20% of Earth's radius or 70% of the Moon's radius. [1] [2] There are no samples of the core accessible for direct measurement, as there are for Earth's mantle. [3]
Last year was Earth’s hottest in recorded history, ... Image; A man pours water over his head from a gallon jug amid soaring temperatures in Phoenix on July 16. (Brandon Bell / Getty Images file)
The cores range in mass from a fraction to several times that of the Sun and are called protostellar (protosolar) nebulae. [2] They possess diameters of 0.01–0.1 pc (2,000–20,000 AU) and a particle number density of roughly 10,000 to 100,000 cm −3. [a] [35] [37] The initial collapse of a solar-mass protostellar nebula takes around 100,000 ...