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The invasion of northern India followed the destruction of the Mauryan dynasty by the general Pushyamitra Shunga, who then founded the new Indian Shunga dynasty (185 BC-78 BC). The Indo-Greek king Menander may have campaigned as far as the capital Pataliputra in eastern India (today Patna ): "Those who came after Alexander went to the Ganges ...
Of those who accompanied Alexander to India, Aristobulus, Onesicritus, and Nearchus wrote about the Indian campaign. [6] The only surviving contemporary account of Alexander's Indian campaign is a report of the voyage of the naval commander Nearchus, [7] who was tasked with exploring the coast between the Indus River and the Persian Gulf. [6]
According to Diodorus (1st century BCE), during his invasion of India, Alexander made a pact of friendship with the Siboi (or Sibians), the neighbors of the Agalasseis. Alexander then marched against the Agalasseis, whose army comprised 40,000 infantry and a 3,000 cavalry. He defeated them, "cutting down" most of them.
He wanted to conquer the entire known world, which in Alexander's day, ended on the eastern end of India. Greeks of Alexander's day knew nothing of China, or any other lands east of Bactria. The Siege of the Sogdian Rock, a fortress located north of Bactria in Sogdiana, occurred in 327 BC.
After fortifying Bactria with 10,000 men, Alexander commenced his invasion of India through the Khyber Pass. [24] Whilst possessing a much larger army, at the battle, an estimated 40,000 infantry and 5,000 cavalry crossed the river in time to engage the enemy. [ 3 ]
Alexandria (on the) Hyphasis was the name of the fortress on the west bank of the Hyphasis (Beas) river at which Alexander the Great stopped on 31 Aug 326 BCE in the course of his Indian campaign. It was on the eastern border of Alexander's empire. Today, it is near Amritsar, part of Punjab, India. [1] [2] [3] [4]
Alexander's invasion of Persia as a whole has been denoted as a supreme example of a "strategic line" of conducting war, a line formed by "the chain of logic that connects operations into a single whole." In his book Strategy, Soviet military officer and theorist Alexander Svechin delineates Alexander's strategic steps. After securing his Greek ...
This is a chronological summary of the expedition of Alexander the Great into Asia against the Persian Empire of king Darius III, with indication of the countries/places visited or simply crossed, including the most important battles/sieges and the cities founded (Alexandrias). The events of the expedition are shown in chronological order.