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Ekranoplan A-90 Orlyonok. A ground-effect vehicle (GEV), also called a wing-in-ground-effect (WIGE or WIG), ground-effect craft/machine (GEM), wingship, flarecraft, surface effect vehicle or ekranoplan (Russian: экранопла́н – "screenglider"), is a vehicle that is able to move over the surface by gaining support from the reactions of the air against the surface of the earth or water.
During takeoff, ground effect can cause the aircraft to "float" while below the recommended climb speed. The pilot can then fly just above the runway while the aircraft accelerates in ground effect until a safe climb speed is reached. [2] For rotorcraft, ground effect results in less drag on the rotor during hovering close to the ground. At ...
The following is a list of WIGE or 'wing-in-ground'-effect craft, also referred to as water-skimming wingships or, in Russia, 'ekranoplans'. An A-90 Orlyonok , a Soviet-era ground-effect plane Australia
The ground effect occurs when flying at an altitude of only a few metres above the ocean or ground; drag is greatly reduced by the proximity of the ground preventing the formation of wingtip vortices, thus increasing the efficiency of the wing. This effect does not occur at high altitude. [5] [6] The name Lun comes from the Russian word for the ...
[4] [7] It also looked at and discarded a fast oceangoing ship and a sea-based ground effect vehicle. [1] A plan view of a ground effect concept airplane. [8] Many features of this concept were incorporated into the Boeing Pelican ULTRA. Boeing Phantom Works then selected a land-based ground effect vehicle with high drooping wings as its solution.
After extensive research, including the development of the small prototype Be-1 wing in ground effect aircraft, the first VVA-14 prototype was completed in 1972. Its first flight was from a conventional runway on 4 September 1972.
The RFB X-114 Aerofoil Craft was an experimental ground-effect vehicle intended to work over water, with the ability to fly out of ground effect when required. It was the last of three such aircraft designed by Alexander Lippisch in the 1960s and early 1970s.
Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft General characteristics Crew: One or two Length: 25 ft 0 in (7.62 m) Wingspan: 14 ft 0 in (4.27 m) Wing area: 110 sq ft (10 m 2) Empty weight: 370 lb (168 kg) Gross weight: 710 lb (322 kg) Powerplant: 1 × unknown, tractor configuration, 25 hp (19 kW) Propellers: fixed pitch Performance Maximum speed: 77 mph (124 km/h, 67 kn) in free flight, flown solo ...