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  2. Skeletal fluorosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skeletal_fluorosis

    Skeletal fluorosis is a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride leading to weakened bones. [1] In advanced cases, skeletal fluorosis causes painful damage to bones and joints . Symptoms

  3. Fluoride toxicity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoride_toxicity

    Fluorosis becomes possible above this recommended dosage. As of 2015, the United States Health and Human Services Department recommends a maximum of 0.7 milligrams of fluoride per liter of water – updating and replacing the previous recommended range of 0.7 to 1.2 milligrams issued in 1962. The new recommended level is intended to reduce the ...

  4. Water fluoridation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_fluoridation

    The first (c. 1801–1933) was research into the cause of a form of mottled tooth enamel called the Colorado brown stain. The second (c. 1933 –1945) focused on the relationship between fluoride concentrations, fluorosis, and tooth decay, and established that moderate levels of fluoride prevent cavities. The third period, from 1945 on, focused ...

  5. Fluorine deficiency - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorine_deficiency

    Fluoride or fluorine deficiency is a disorder which may cause increased dental caries [1] and possibly osteoporosis, [2] [3] due to a lack of fluoride in diet. [4] [5] Common dietary sources of fluoride include tea, grape juice, wine, raisins, some seafood, coffee, and tap water that has been fluoridated. [6]

  6. Fluorosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorosis

    Fluorosis may refer to: Dental fluorosis , a disturbance of dental enamel caused by excessive exposure to high concentrations of fluoride during tooth development. Skeletal fluorosis , a bone disease caused by excessive accumulation of fluoride in the bones

  7. Biological aspects of fluorine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biological_aspects_of_fluorine

    Although the best available evidence shows no association with adverse effects other than fluorosis (dental and, in worse cases, skeletal), most of which is mild, [7] water fluoridation has been contentious for ethical, safety, and efficacy reasons, [6] and opposition to water fluoridation exists despite its widespread support by public health ...

  8. Bone disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_disease

    A bone disease is also called an "osteopathy", but because the term osteopathy is often used to refer to an alternative health-care philosophy, use of the term can cause some confusion. [ 2 ] Bone and cartilage disorders

  9. Bone health - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_health

    Osteoporosis, a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and increased risk of fractures, is a major concern in bone health, particularly among older adults. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Maintaining good bone health involves a combination of adequate calcium and vitamin D intake, regular weight-bearing exercise, and avoiding risk factors ...