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Combinations and permutations in the mathematical sense are described in several articles. Described together, in-depth: Twelvefold way; Explained separately in a more accessible way: Combination; Permutation; For meanings outside of mathematics, please see both words’ disambiguation pages: Combination (disambiguation) Permutation ...
Enumerations of specific permutation classes; Factorial. Falling factorial; Permutation matrix. Generalized permutation matrix; Inversion (discrete mathematics) Major index; Ménage problem; Permutation graph; Permutation pattern; Permutation polynomial; Permutohedron; Rencontres numbers; Robinson–Schensted correspondence; Sum of permutations ...
This usage of the term permutation is closely associated with the term combination to mean a subset. A k-combination of a set S is a k-element subset of S: the elements of a combination are not ordered. Ordering the k-combinations of S in all possible ways produces the k-permutations of S.
In combinatorics, the twelvefold way is a systematic classification of 12 related enumerative problems concerning two finite sets, which include the classical problems of counting permutations, combinations, multisets, and partitions either of a set or of a number.
In mathematics, a combination is a selection of items from a set that has distinct members, such that the order of selection does not matter (unlike permutations).For example, given three fruits, say an apple, an orange and a pear, there are three combinations of two that can be drawn from this set: an apple and a pear; an apple and an orange; or a pear and an orange.
A permutation group is a subgroup of a symmetric group; that is, its elements are permutations of a given set. It is thus a subset of a symmetric group that is closed under composition of permutations, contains the identity permutation, and contains the inverse permutation of each of its elements. [2]
Considering the symmetric group S n of all permutations of the set {1, ..., n}, we can conclude that the map sgn: S n → {−1, 1} that assigns to every permutation its signature is a group homomorphism. [2] Furthermore, we see that the even permutations form a subgroup of S n. [1] This is the alternating group on n letters, denoted by A n. [3]
In combinatorial mathematics and theoretical computer science, a (classical) permutation pattern is a sub-permutation of a longer permutation.Any permutation may be written in one-line notation as a sequence of entries representing the result of applying the permutation to the sequence 123...; for instance the sequence 213 represents the permutation on three elements that swaps elements 1 and 2.