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  2. Mitochondrial disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitochondrial_disease

    Mitochondrial disease is a group of disorders caused by mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondria are the organelles that generate energy for the cell and are found in every cell of the human body except red blood cells. They convert the energy of food molecules into the ATP that powers most cell functions.

  3. Pearson syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pearson_syndrome

    Pearson syndrome is a mitochondrial disease caused by a deletion in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). [3] An mtDNA is genetic material contained in the cellular organelle called the mitochondria. Depending on the tissue type, each cell contains hundreds to thousands of mitochondria. There are 2–10 mtDNA molecules in each mitochondrion.

  4. I-cell disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-cell_disease

    I-cell disease is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by a deficiency of GlcNAc phosphotransferase, which phosphorylates mannose residues to mannose-6-phosphate on N-linked glycoproteins in the Golgi apparatus within cells.

  5. Mucopolysaccharidosis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mucopolysaccharidosis

    The mucopolysaccharidoses are part of the lysosomal storage disease family, a group of genetic disorders that result when the lysosome organelle in animal cells malfunctions. The lysosome can be thought of as the cell's recycling center because it processes unwanted material into other substances that the cell can utilize.

  6. Lysosomal storage disease - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysosomal_storage_disease

    Tay–Sachs disease was the first of these disorders to be described, in 1881, followed by Gaucher disease in 1882. In the late 1950s and early 1960s, de Duve and colleagues, using cell fractionation techniques, cytological studies, and biochemical analyses, identified and characterized the lysosome as a cellular organelle responsible for ...

  7. I-cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-cell

    In I-cell disease, the inclusions form due to a defect in the sorting of enzymes to the lysosomes, where waste materials are broken down. This defect is caused by a mutation in the GNPTAB gene in the enzyme N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphotransferase. [3] This leads to a failure to tag the lysosomal enzymes with mannose-6-phosphate. Without this ...

  8. Glycogen storage disease type II - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen_storage_disease...

    Glycogen storage disease type II has an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. Pompe disease has an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. This means the defective gene is located on an autosome, and two faulty copies of the gene—one from each parent—are required to be born with the disorder. As with all cases of autosomal recessive ...

  9. MELAS syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MELAS_syndrome

    MELAS is a condition that affects many of the body's systems, particularly the brain and nervous system (encephalo-) and muscles (myopathy). In most cases, the signs and symptoms of this disorder appear in childhood following a period of normal development. [4]