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Costochondritis, also known as chest wall pain syndrome or costosternal syndrome, is a benign inflammation of the upper costochondral (rib to cartilage) and sternocostal (cartilage to sternum) joints. 90% of patients are affected in multiple ribs on a single side, typically at the 2nd to 5th ribs. [1]
Other physical exam findings suggestive of cardiac chest pain may include hypertension, tachycardia, bradycardia, and new heart murmurs. [8] Chest pain that is reproducible during the physical exam with contact of the chest wall is more indicative of non-cardiac chest pain, but still cannot completely rule out acute coronary syndrome. [ 48 ]
Physical examination consists of gentle pressure to the chest wall with a single finger to identify the location of the discomfort. [2] Swelling and tenderness upon palpation at one or more of the costochondral , sternocostal , or sternoclavicular joints, is a distinctive trait of Tietze syndrome and is considered a positive diagnosis when found.
Costochondritis is a common cause of chest pain, consisting of up to 30% of chest pain complaints in emergency departments. The pain is typically diffused with the upper costochondral or sternocostal junctions most frequently involved, unlike slipping rib syndrome, which involves the lower rib cage.
Pictures! I believe there HAS to be better photos. I removed the one black/white photo that showed the muscle groups and replaced it with a better one that shows the muscle groups, but it doesn't quite reflect what is in the article. Then theres the infobox picture, which doesn't label the costochondral or costosternal joints.
It is one of the four methods of clinical examination, together with inspection, palpation, auscultation, and inquiry. It is done with the middle finger of one hand tapping on the middle finger of the other hand using a wrist action. The nonstriking finger (known as the pleximeter) is placed firmly on the body over tissue.
The expected symptoms of Bornholm disease include fever, pleuritic chest pain, or epigastric abdominal pain that is frequently spasmodic. [4] Bornholm associated chest pain is distinguished by attacks of severe pain in the lower chest, often on the right side.
An example is the hypersegmented neutrophil, which is seen only in megaloblastic anemias (not a single disease, but a set of closely related disease states). More often a test result is "pathognomonic" only because there has been a consensus to define the disease state in terms of the test result (such as diabetes mellitus being defined in ...