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Gabapentin, sold under the brand name Neurontin among others, is an anticonvulsant medication primarily used to treat neuropathic pain and also for partial seizures [10] [7] of epilepsy. It is a commonly used medication for the treatment of neuropathic pain caused by diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, and central pain. [11]
Postherpetic neuralgia is the most common long-term complication of herpes zoster, and occurs in approximately 20% of patients with shingles. [2] Risk factors for PHN include older age, severe prodrome or rash , severe acute zoster pain, ophthalmic involvement, immunosuppression , and chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and lupus . [ 1 ]
Eye involvement: trigeminal nerve involvement (as seen in herpes ophthalmicus) should be treated early and aggressively as it may lead to blindness. Involvement of the tip of the nose in the zoster rash is a strong predictor of herpes ophthalmicus. [77] Postherpetic neuralgia, a condition of chronic pain following shingles.
Gabapentin, under the brand name Neurontin, was first approved in May 1993 for the treatment of epilepsy in the United Kingdom, and was marketed in the United States in 1994. [43] [44] Subsequently, gabapentin was approved in the United States for the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia in May 2002. [45]
Neuropathic pain and post-herpetic neuralgia can commonly persist for more than 3 months and a year to 18 months is not uncommon. More than 50% of patients report experiencing post-herpetic neuralgia. [2] Post-herpetic fatigue is also a common long term side effect and may persist for several months to a year or more.
Other, infrequent causes of pudendal neuralgia are viral infections (HIV, herpes zoster or herpes simplex), multiple sclerosis, inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, [10] proctalgia fugax, [10] pelvic floor spasm, [10] and diabetes. [15] Postherpetic neuralgia, which is persistent pain due to nerve damage after shingles, is another ...
Herpes simplex viruses have also been studied in the central nervous system disorders such as multiple sclerosis, but research has been conflicting and inconclusive. [85] Following a diagnosis of genital herpes simplex infection, patients may develop an episode of profound depression. In addition to offering antiviral medication to alleviate ...
Pregabalin and gabapentin may reduce pain associated with diabetic neuropathy. [28] [26] [29] [30] The anticonvulsants carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine are especially effective in trigeminal neuralgia. Carbamazepine is a voltage-gated sodium channel inhibitor, and reduces neuronal excitability by preventing depolarisation. [31]