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Set point theory differentiates between active compensation and passive compensation. Passive compensation describes processes where a decrease in body fat leads to less energy being expended, because one carries around less weight in daily activities. In addition to passive compensation, set point theory also posits active compensation.
One study found that 80% of the offspring of two obese parents were obese, in contrast to less than 10% of the offspring of two parents who were of normal weight. [ 30 ] The thrifty gene hypothesis postulates that due to dietary scarcity during human evolution people are prone to obesity.
Sellayah and colleagues have postulated an 'Out of Africa' theory to explain the evolutionary origins of obesity. The theory cites diverse ethnic based differences in obesity susceptibility in western civilizations to contend that, neither the thrifty or drifty gene hypotheses can explain the demographics of the modern obesity crisis.
Preclinical obesity refers to excess body fat without current health issues but with increased risks of conditions like type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers. Early interventions can ...
Pathophysiology of obesity is the study of disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with obesity. A number of possible pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified which may contribute in the development and maintenance of obesity.
Obesity has thus historically been viewed as a sign of wealth and prosperity. It was common among high officials in Ancient East Asian civilizations. [233] In the 17th century, English medical author Tobias Venner is credited with being one of the first to refer to the term as a societal disease in a published English language book. [215] [234]
The science behind weight management is complex, but one of the key concepts that governs weight management is Energy Balance. [9] Energy Balance is the phrase used to describe the difference between the number of calories a person consumes and the number of calories that same person expends (a.k.a. burns) in a given time period. [9]
The International Obesity Taskforce states that interventions on a sociopolitical level are required to reduce development of the metabolic syndrome in populations. [ 62 ] The Caerphilly Heart Disease Study followed 2,375 male subjects over 20 years and suggested the daily intake of an Imperial pint (~568 mL) of milk or equivalent dairy ...