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Boron trichloride is a starting material for the production of elemental boron. It is also used in the refining of aluminium, magnesium, zinc, and copper alloys to remove nitrides, carbides, and oxides from molten metal. It has been used as a soldering flux for alloys of aluminium, iron, zinc, tungsten, and monel. Aluminium castings can be ...
The trihalides adopt a planar trigonal structure. These compounds are Lewis acids in that they readily form adducts with electron-pair donors, which are called Lewis bases. For example, fluoride (F −) and boron trifluoride (BF 3) combined to give the tetrafluoroborate anion, BF 4 −. Boron trifluoride is used in the petrochemical industry as ...
Structure of boron trifluoride, an example of a molecule with trigonal planar geometry.. In chemistry, trigonal planar is a molecular geometry model with one atom at the center and three atoms at the corners of an equilateral triangle, called peripheral atoms, all in one plane. [1]
Lewis structure of a water molecule. Lewis structures – also called Lewis dot formulas, Lewis dot structures, electron dot structures, or Lewis electron dot structures (LEDs) – are diagrams that show the bonding between atoms of a molecule, as well as the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.
The nitrogen in ammonia has 5 valence electrons and bonds with three hydrogen atoms to complete the octet.This would result in the geometry of a regular tetrahedron with each bond angle equal to arccos(− 1 / 3 ) ≈ 109.5°.
Some of the most studied examples of such Lewis acids are the boron trihalides and organoboranes: [9] BF 3 + F − → BF − 4. In this adduct, all four fluoride centres (or more accurately, ligands) are equivalent. BF 3 + OMe 2 → BF 3 OMe 2. Both BF 4 − and BF 3 OMe 2 are Lewis base adducts of boron trifluoride.
Boron trifluoride is the inorganic compound with the formula BF 3. This pungent, colourless, and toxic gas forms white fumes in moist air. It is a useful Lewis acid and a versatile building block for other boron compounds.
It can also be formed by the electrical discharge procedure of boron trichloride at low temperatures: [1] [3] BCl 3 → BCl 2 + Cl Cl + Hg → HgCl or HgCl 2 2 BCl 2 → B 2 Cl 4. The most efficient synthesis technique uses no dechlorinating metal, instead passing radio-frequency AC current through gaseous boron trichloride. [4]