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In the branch of experimental psychology focused on sense, sensation, and perception, which is called psychophysics, a just-noticeable difference or JND is the amount something must be changed in order for a difference to be noticeable, detectable at least half the time. [1]
Hindsight bias is more likely to occur when the outcome of an event is negative rather than positive. [14] This is a phenomenon consistent with the general tendency for people to pay more attention to negative outcomes of events than positive outcomes.
Overconfidence effect, a tendency to have excessive confidence in one's own answers to questions. For example, for certain types of questions, answers that people rate as "99% certain" turn out to be wrong 40% of the time. [5] [44] [45] [46] Planning fallacy, the tendency for people to underestimate the time it will take them to complete a ...
Weber's law also incorporates the just-noticeable difference (JND). This is the smallest change in stimuli that can be perceived. This is the smallest change in stimuli that can be perceived. As stated above, the JND dS is proportional to the initial stimuli intensity S .
"THE CAT" is a classic example of context effect. We have little trouble reading "H" and "A" in their appropriate contexts, even though they take on the same form in each word. A context effect is an aspect of cognitive psychology that describes the influence of environmental factors on one's perception of a stimulus. [1]
The following criteria are required to classify an event as an inattentional blindness episode: 1) the observer must fail to notice a visual object or event, 2) the object or event must be fully visible, 3) observers must be able to readily identify the object if they are consciously perceiving it, [3] and 4) the event must be unexpected and the failure to see the object or event must be due ...
For example, she perceives Arseface, a man with severe facial deformities, as resembling a young James Dean. Val Kilmer's character has visual agnosia in the film At First Sight . In "Folie à Deux", a fifth-season episode of The X-Files , Mulder succumbs to the same belief as telemarketer Gary Lambert, that his boss Greg Pincus is a monster ...
Ernst Heinrich Weber (24 June 1795 – 26 January 1878) [1] was a German physician who is considered one of the founders of experimental psychology.He was an influential and important figure in the areas of physiology and psychology during his lifetime and beyond.