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Kernig's sign is a test used in physical examination to look for evidence of irritation of the meninges.The test involves flexing the thighs at the hip, and the knees, at 90 degree angles, and assessing whether subsequent extension of the knee is painful (leading to resistance), in which case it is deemed positive. [1]
In order to perform the test, the patient lies prone (face-down) on an examination table and flexes their knee to a ninety degree angle. The examiner then places his or her own knee across the posterior aspect of the patient's thigh. The tibia is then compressed onto the knee joint while being externally rotated. If this maneuver produces pain ...
Allen's test: Edgar Van Nuys Allen: vascular surgery, critical care [1] arterial supply of the hand: tests for presence of palmar ulnar-radial anastomosis (palmar arch) Apgar score: Virginia Apgar: obstetrics, pediatrics: assess health of newborn Apley grind test: Alan Graham Apley: orthopaedic surgery: meniscal lesions: manoeuvres to elicit ...
The pivot-shift test [1] is one of the three major tests for assessing anterior cruciate injury or laxity, the other two being the anterior drawer and Lachman test. However, unlike the other two, it tests for instability, an important determinant as to how the knee will function. [ 1 ]
The McMurray test, also known as the McMurray circumduction test is used to evaluate individuals for tears in the meniscus of the knee. [1] A tear in the meniscus may cause a pedunculated tag of the meniscus which may become jammed between the joint surfaces. To perform the test, the knee is held by one hand, which is placed along the joint ...
Physical examination of the knee begins by observing the person's gait to assess for any abnormalities seen while walking. Gait assessment can be used to differentiate genuine knee pain or pain which referred from hip, lower back or the foot. A person can be asked to perform a duckwalk. This requires the person to squat and walk in that position.
The Thomas Test examines the iliopsoas, the group of muscles that connects the spine to your legs, through the pelvis; the rectus femoris, the quad muscles that run from your hip to your knee; and ...
Trendelenburg's sign is found in people with weak or paralyzed abductor muscles of the hip, namely gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. [1] It is named after the German surgeon Friedrich Trendelenburg. It is often incorrectly referenced as the Trendelenburg test which is a test for vascular insufficiency in the lower extremities.