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Obsessive–compulsive disorder affects about 2.3% of people at some point in their life, with the yearly rate about 1.2%. [6] OCD occurs worldwide. [2] It is unusual for symptoms to begin after the age of 35 and half of people develop problems before 20. [1] [2] Males and females are affected about equally. [1]
[2] OCD is a mental disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. [3] An obsession is defined as "a recurring thought, image, or urge that the individual cannot control". [ 4 ] Compulsion can be described as a "ritualistic behavior that the person feels compelled to perform". [ 4 ]
There are two new diagnoses: other specified obsessive-compulsive and related disorder, which can include body-focused repetitive behavior disorder (behaviors like nail biting, lip biting, and cheek chewing, other than hair pulling and skin picking) or obsessional jealousy; and unspecified obsessive-compulsive and related disorder. [11]
.40 Unspecified.6x Bipolar I disorder, most recent episode mixed.66 In full remission.65 In partial remission.61 Mild.62 Moderate.63 Severe without psychotic features.64 Severe with psychotic features.60 Unspecified.7 Bipolar I disorder, most recent episode unspecified.0x Bipolar I disorder, single manic episode .06 In full remission
Obsessive–compulsive disorder (6 C, 63 P) This page was last edited on 12 January 2025, at 11:29 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
The only diagnosis existing in DSM-5 is obsessive–compulsive disorder. [2] According to DSM-5 compulsions can be mental, but they are always repetitive actions like "praying, counting, repeating words silently". [26] DSM-5 does not have any information that searching an answer for some question can be associated with OCD. [27]
An alternate, widely used classification publication is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), produced by the World Health Organization (WHO). [13] The ICD has a broader scope than the DSM, covering overall health as well as mental health; chapter 6 of the ICD specifically covers mental, behavioral and neurodevelopmental disorders.
The cause of obsessive–compulsive disorder is understood mainly through identifying biological risk factors that lead to obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) symptomology. The leading hypotheses propose the involvement of the orbitofrontal cortex , basal ganglia , and/or the limbic system , with discoveries being made in the fields of ...