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The enzyme is involved in the synthesis of nucleotides (purines and pyrimidines), cofactors NAD and NADP, and amino acids histidine and tryptophan, [1] [2] [3] linking these biosynthetic processes to the pentose phosphate pathway, from which the substrate ribose 5-phosphate is derived. Ribose 5-phosphate is produced by the pentose phosphate ...
[1] [2] [3] The vitamins thiamine [4] and cobalamin, [5] and the amino acid tryptophan also contain fragments derived from PRPP. [6] It is formed from ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) by the enzyme ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase: [7] It plays a role in transferring phospho-ribose groups in several reactions, some of which are salvage pathways: [8]
A key regulatory step is the production of 5-phospho-α-D-ribosyl 1-pyrophosphate by ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase, which is activated by inorganic phosphate and inactivated by purine ribonucleotides. It is not the committed step to purine synthesis because PRPP is also used in pyrimidine synthesis and salvage pathways.
IMP is synthesized de novo from glucose through the pentose phosphate pathway which produces ribose 5-P, which then converts to PRPP that with the amino acids glycine, glutamine, and aspartate (see Purine metabolism) can be further converted into IMP. [7]
Ribose 5-phosphate (R5P) is both a product and an intermediate of the pentose phosphate pathway. The last step of the oxidative reactions in the pentose phosphate pathway is the production of ribulose 5-phosphate. Depending on the body's state, ribulose 5-phosphate can reversibly isomerize to ribose 5-phosphate.
231327 Ensembl ENSG00000128059 ENSMUSG00000029246 UniProt Q06203 Q8CIH9 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_002703 NM_172146 RefSeq (protein) NP_002694 NP_742158 Location (UCSC) Chr 4: 56.39 – 56.44 Mb Chr 5: 77.06 – 77.1 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Amidophosphoribosyltransferase (ATase), also known as glutamine phosphoribosylpyrophosphate amidotransferase (GPAT), is an enzyme ...
dihydroorotate dehydrogenase [3] (the only mitochondrial enzyme) orotate: Dihydroorotate then enters the mitochondria where it is oxidized through removal of hydrogens. This is the only mitochondrial step in nucleotide rings biosynthesis. 5 orotate phosphoribosyltransferase [4] OMP: PRPP donates a Ribose group. 6 OMP decarboxylase [4] UMP ...
The pathway begins with the conversion of Ribose-5-Phosphate(R5P) to phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) by enzyme ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase (PRPS1). PRPP is then converted to 5-phosphoribosylamine (5-PRA) as glutamine donates an amino group to the C-1 of PRPP.