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  2. Amide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide

    Compared to amines, amides are very weak bases. While the conjugate acid of an amine has a pK a of about 9.5, the conjugate acid of an amide has a pK a around −0.5. Therefore, compared to amines, amides do not have acid–base properties that are as noticeable in water. This relative lack of basicity is explained by the withdrawing of ...

  3. Acyl group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acyl_group

    The two major resonance forms of an amide. Another factor that plays a role in determining the reactivity of acyl compounds is resonance. Amides exhibit two main resonance forms. Both are major contributors to the overall structure, so much so that the amide bond between the carbonyl carbon and the amide nitrogen has significant double bond ...

  4. Amine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amine

    Amine. In chemistry, amines (/ ə ˈ m iː n, ˈ æ m iː n /, [1] [2] UK also / ˈ eɪ m iː n / [3]) are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.Formally, amines are derivatives of ammonia (NH 3 (in which the bond angle between the nitrogen and hydrogen is 107°), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an ...

  5. Imide - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imide

    Most common imides are prepared by heating dicarboxylic acids or their anhydrides and ammonia or primary amines. The result is a condensation reaction: [5] (RCO) 2 O + R′NH 2 → (RCO) 2 NR′ + H 2 O. These reactions proceed via the intermediacy of amides. The intramolecular reaction of a carboxylic acid with an amide is far faster than the ...

  6. Amide (functional group) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amide_(functional_group)

    Structures of three kinds of amides: an organic amide (carboxamide), a sulfonamide, and a phosphoramide. In chemistry, the term amide (/ ˈ æ m aɪ d / or / ˈ æ m ɪ d / or / ˈ eɪ m aɪ d /) [1] [2] [3] is a compound with the functional group R n E(=O) x NR 2, where x is not zero, E is some element, and each R represents an organic group or hydrogen. [4]

  7. Hydrolysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrolysis

    Mechanism for acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of an amide. Upon hydrolysis, an amide converts into a carboxylic acid and an amine or ammonia (which in the presence of acid are immediately converted to ammonium salts). One of the two oxygen groups on the carboxylic acid are derived from a water molecule and the amine (or ammonia) gains the hydrogen ion.

  8. Leaving group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaving_group

    The correlation between pK aH and leaving group ability, however, is not perfect. Leaving group ability represents the difference in energy between starting materials and a transition state (ΔG ‡) and differences in leaving group ability are reflected in changes in this quantity (ΔΔG ‡).

  9. Ketone - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketone

    With ammonia or a primary amine gives an imine; With secondary amine gives an enamine; With Grignard and organolithium reagents to give, after aqueous workup, a tertiary alcohol; With an alcohols or alkoxides to gives the hemiketal or its conjugate base. With a diol to the ketal. This reaction is employed to protect ketones.