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"Separation of church and state" is a metaphor paraphrased from Thomas Jefferson and used by others in discussions of the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, which reads: "Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof".
The French version of separation of church and state, called laïcité, is a product of French history and philosophy. It was formalized in a 1905 law providing for the separation of church and state, that is, the separation of religion from political power.
Originally, Baptists supported separation of church and state in England and America. [1] [2] Some important Baptist figures in the struggle were John Smyth, Thomas Helwys, Edward Wightman, Leonard Busher, Roger Williams (who was a Baptist for a short period but became a "Seeker"), John Clarke, Isaac Backus, and John Leland.
Separation of church and state is different from separation of faith and state. The Constitution says nothing about prohibiting the free exercise of faith in how people vote, or for what they ...
The phrase "separation of church and state" became a definitive part of Establishment Clause jurisprudence in Everson v. Board of Education (1947), a case that dealt with a state law that allowed government funds for transportation to religious schools.
The importance of these efforts is demonstrated by the quote in his Memorial in Washington D.C. from the person most identified with “separation of church and state,” Thomas Jefferson: “God ...
The relations between the Catholic Church and the state have been constantly evolving with various forms of government, some of them controversial in retrospect. In its history, the Church has had to deal with various concepts and systems of governance, from the Roman Empire to the medieval divine right of kings, from nineteenth- and twentieth-century concepts of democracy and pluralism to the ...
As James Madison, prior to becoming the fourth U.S. president in an 1803 letter objecting to the use of government land for churches, stated: “The purpose of separation of church and state is to ...