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  2. Machine code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_code

    In computer programming, machine code is computer code consisting of machine language instructions, which are used to control a computer's central processing unit (CPU). For conventional binary computers, machine code is the binary representation of a computer program which is actually read and interpreted by the computer. A program in machine ...

  3. Binary code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binary_code

    The modern binary number system, the basis for binary code, is an invention by Gottfried Leibniz in 1689 and appears in his article Explication de l'Arithmétique Binaire (English: Explanation of the Binary Arithmetic) which uses only the characters 1 and 0, and some remarks on its usefulness. Leibniz's system uses 0 and 1, like the modern ...

  4. Low-level programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_programming_language

    Machine code is the form in which code that can be directly executed is stored on a computer. It consists of machine language instructions, stored in memory, that perform operations such as moving values in and out of memory locations, arithmetic and Boolean logic, and testing values and, based on the test, either executing the next instruction in memory or executing an instruction at another ...

  5. First-generation programming language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-generation...

    The first-generation programming instructions were entered through the front panel switches of the computer system. The instructions in 1GL are made of binary numbers, represented by 1s and 0s. This makes the language suitable for the understanding of the machine but far more difficult to interpret and learn by the human programmer.

  6. Assembly language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language

    In computer programming, assembly language (alternatively assembler language [1] or symbolic machine code), [2] [3] [4] often referred to simply as assembly and commonly abbreviated as ASM or asm, is any low-level programming language with a very strong correspondence between the instructions in the language and the architecture's machine code instructions. [5]

  7. Computer programming - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_programming

    Machine code was the language of early programs, written in the instruction set of the particular machine, often in binary notation. Assembly languages were soon developed that let the programmer specify instructions in a text format (e.g., ADD X, TOTAL), with abbreviations for each operation code and meaningful names for specifying addresses.

  8. Object code - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object_code

    In computing, object code or object module is the product of an assembler or compiler. [1]In a general sense, object code is a sequence of statements or instructions in a computer language, [2] usually a machine code language (i.e., binary) or an intermediate language such as register transfer language (RTL).

  9. Executable - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable

    Executable files can be hand-coded in machine language, although it is far more convenient to develop software as source code in a high-level language that can be easily understood by humans. In some cases, source code might be specified in assembly language instead, which remains human-readable while being closely associated with machine code ...