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The Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a union territory of India comprising 572 islands, of which only 38 are inhabited. The islands are grouped into two main clusters: the northern Andaman Islands and the southern Nicobar Islands, separated by a 150 km (93 mi) wide channel.
The Andaman colony became notorious with the murder of the Viceroy Richard Southwell Bourke, 6th Earl of Mayo, on a visit to the settlement (8 February 1872), by a Pathan from Afghanistan, Sher Ali Afridi. In the same year, the two island groups Andaman and Nicobar, were united under a chief commissioner residing at Port Blair. [14]
New islands in the Andaman archipelago are expected to open for tourism related activities. Andaman and Nicobar Islands are promoted as an eco tourism destination. The major activities currently present in the islands are Scuba Diving, Sea Walking, Parasailing, Kayaking, Game Fishing, Semi submarine, Glass bottom boat ride and Night cruising.
On 26 December 2004, the coasts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands were devastated by a 10 m (33 ft) massive tsunami following the undersea earthquake off Indian Ocean. More than 2,000 people lost their lives, more than 4,000 children were orphaned or suffered the loss of one parent, and a minimum of 40,000 people were rendered homeless.
Port Blair (pronunciation ⓘ), officially named Sri Vijaya Puram, [4] is the capital city of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a union territory of India in the Bay of Bengal. It is also the local administrative sub-division of the islands, the headquarters for the district of South Andaman, and the territory's only notified town.
On 26 December 2004, the coast of the Nicobar Islands was devastated by a 10-to-15-metre-high (33 to 49 ft) tsunami following the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake. At least 6,000 people were killed on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands with reports putting the death toll on Katchal Island alone at 4,600 [citation needed].
Ross Island, officially named Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Dweep, [6] is an island of the Andaman Islands. It belongs to the South Andaman administrative district, Andaman and Nicobar Islands. [7] The island is situated 3 km (2 mi) east from central Port Blair. The historic ruins are a tourist attraction.
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands form an island arc over 600 km in length, created by the subduction of the Indian Plate under the Burma Plate, of which the Nicobar and Andaman islands are part. The subduction zone creates periodic large earthquakes, including the 1881 Nicobar Islands earthquake and the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake .