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Soil consolidation refers to the mechanical process by which soil changes volume gradually in response to a change in pressure. This happens because soil is a three-phase material, comprising soil grains and pore fluid, usually groundwater [ clarification needed ] .
Preconsolidation pressure is the maximum effective vertical overburden stress that a particular soil sample has sustained in the past. [1] This quantity is important in geotechnical engineering, particularly for finding the expected settlement of foundations and embankments.
Settlement is the downward movement or the sinking of a structure's foundation. It is mostly caused by changes in the underlying soil, such as drying and shrinking, wetting and softening, or compression due to the soil being poorly compacted when construction started. [1] Some settlement is quite normal after construction has been completed.
Roscoe, Schofield, and Wroth, with the publication of On the Yielding of Soils in 1958, established the interrelationships between the volume change behavior (dilation, contraction, and consolidation) and shearing behavior with the theory of plasticity using critical state soil mechanics.
In geotechnical engineering, soil compaction is the process in which stress applied to a soil causes densification as air is displaced from the pores between the soil grains. When stress is applied that causes densification due to water (or other liquid) being displaced from between the soil grains, then consolidation, not compaction, has occurred.
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Terzaghi's principle applies well to porous materials whose solid constituents are incompressible - soil, for example, is composed of grains of incompressible silica so that the volume change in soil during consolidation is due solely to the rearrangement of these constituents with respect to one another.
Consolidation doesn’t eliminate debt but may lower your monthly payment. Debt settlement and bankruptcy may eliminate or reduce your debts but will also damage your credit score. Types of debt ...