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For example, decimal 365 (10) or senary 1 405 (6) corresponds to binary 1 0110 1101 (2) (nine bits) and to ternary 111 112 (3) (six digits). However, they are still far less compact than the corresponding representations in bases such as decimal – see below for a compact way to codify ternary using nonary (base 9) and septemvigesimal (base 27).
An example of a fraction that cannot be represented by a decimal expression (with a finite number of digits) is 1 / 3 , 3 not being a power of 10. More generally, a decimal with n digits after the separator (a point or comma) represents the fraction with denominator 10 n , whose numerator is the integer obtained by removing the separator.
This is equivalent to 3 × 6 + 4, which is 22 decimal. Additionally, this method is the least abstract way to count using two hands that reflects the concept of positional notation , as the movement from one position to the next is done by switching from one hand to another.
For example, in the decimal system (base 10), the numeral 4327 means (4×10 3) + (3×10 2) + (2×10 1) + (7×10 0), noting that 10 0 = 1. In general, if b is the base, one writes a number in the numeral system of base b by expressing it in the form a n b n + a n − 1 b n − 1 + a n − 2 b n − 2 + ... + a 0 b 0 and writing the enumerated ...
That is, the value of an octal "10" is the same as a decimal "8", an octal "20" is a decimal "16", and so on. In a hexadecimal system, there are 16 digits, 0 through 9 followed, by convention, with A through F. That is, a hexadecimal "10" is the same as a decimal "16" and a hexadecimal "20" is the same as a decimal "32".
For example, in duodecimal, 1 / 2 = 0.6, 1 / 3 = 0.4, 1 / 4 = 0.3 and 1 / 6 = 0.2 all terminate; 1 / 5 = 0. 2497 repeats with period length 4, in contrast with the equivalent decimal expansion of 0.2; 1 / 7 = 0. 186A35 has period 6 in duodecimal, just as it does in decimal. If b is an integer base ...
1 ⁄ 3 = 0.33333... 1 ⁄ 7 = 0.142857142857... 1318 ⁄ 185 = 7.1243243243... Every time this happens the number is still a rational number (i.e. can alternatively be represented as a ratio of an integer and a positive integer). Also the converse is true: The decimal expansion of a rational number is either finite, or endlessly repeating.
To represent the number 1,230,400 in normalized scientific notation, the decimal separator would be moved 6 digits to the left and × 10 6 appended, resulting in 1.2304 × 10 6. The number −0.004 0321 would have its decimal separator shifted 3 digits to the right instead of the left and yield −4.0321 × 10 −3 as a result.