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  2. Ottawa ankle rules - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ottawa_ankle_rules

    Evidence supports the rules as an accurate instrument for excluding fractures of the ankle and mid-foot, reducing the number of unnecessary investigations and length of stay in emergency departments. [3] The original study reported that the test was 100% sensitive and reduced the number of ankle X-rays by 36%. [4]

  3. Ankle fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle_fracture

    Surgically fixated bimalleolar ankle fracture. The broad goals of treating ankle fractures are restoring the ankle joint to normal alignment, healing the fracture, and preventing arthritis. [9] The stability of the ankle joint often dictates treatment. Certain fracture patterns are stable and are thus treated without surgery similarly to ankle ...

  4. Trimalleolar fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trimalleolar_fracture

    X-ray of trimalleolar fracture repair with plate and nails. Surgical repair using open reduction and internal fixation is generally required, and because there is no lateral restraint of the foot, the ankle cannot bear any weight while the bone knits.

  5. Bimalleolar fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bimalleolar_fracture

    A bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown [ 1 ] that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities.

  6. Calcaneal fracture - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcaneal_fracture

    Non-surgical treatment is for extra-articular fractures and Sanders Type I intra-articular fractures, provided that the calcaneal weight-bearing surface and foot function are not compromised. Physicians may choose to perform closed reduction with or without fixation (casting), or fixation alone (without reduction), depending on the individual case.

  7. Articular cartilage repair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Articular_cartilage_repair

    Rehabilitation following any articular cartilage repair procedure is paramount for the success of any articular cartilage resurfacing technique. The rehabilitation is often long and demanding. The main reason is that it takes a long time for the cartilage cells to adapt and mature into repair tissue. Cartilage is a slow adapting substance.

  8. Sprained ankle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprained_ankle

    The diagnosis of a sprain relies on the medical history, including symptoms, as well as making a differential diagnosis, mainly in distinguishing it from strains or bone fractures. The Ottawa ankle rule is a simple, widely used rule to help differentiate fractures of the ankle or mid-foot from other ankle injuries that do not require x-ray ...

  9. RICE (medicine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RICE_(medicine)

    In fact, many components of the protocol have since been shown to impair or delay healing by inhibiting inflammation. [2] [3] [7] Early rehabilitation is now the recommendation to promote healing. [3] [8] Ice, compression, and elevation may have roles in decreasing swelling and pain, but have not shown to help with healing an injury. [2] [7] [9]