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The lesion is named after Harold Arthur Hill (1901–1973) and Maurice David Sachs (1909–1987), two radiologists from San Francisco, USA. In 1940, they published a report of 119 cases of shoulder dislocation and showed that the defect resulted from direct compression of the humeral head.
The bony Bankart lesion is new, as evidenced by lack of cortex on the superior part of the fragment, and is presumed to be caused by glenohumeral ligaments pulling the humerus towards the glenoid as the shoulder dislocates, causing a fracture even without significant external forces. The Hill-Sachs lesion may be old, since the patient had ...
A Hill–Sachs lesion is an impaction of the head of the humerus left by the glenoid rim during dislocation. [6] Hill-Sachs deformities occur in 35–40% of anterior dislocations. They can be seen on a front-facing X-ray when the arm is in internal rotation. [11]
It is an indication for surgery and often accompanied by a Hill-Sachs lesion, damage to the posterior humeral head. [5] A bony Bankart is a Bankart lesion that includes a fracture of the anterior-inferior glenoid cavity of the scapula bone. [6] The Bankart lesion is named after English orthopedic surgeon Arthur Sydney Blundell Bankart (1879 ...
Haglund's deformity; Hair-on-end appearance; Half moon sign; Halo sign; Hamburger bun sign; Hampton's hump; Hampton's line; Harris lines; Hatchet head; Head cheese sign; Hidebound appearance; High-attenuation crescent sign; Hilgenreiner's line; Hill Sach's deformity; Hilum convergence sign; Hilum overlay sign; Holly Leaf sign; Honda sign ...
However, additional imaging can be used to better define and evaluate abnormalities that may be missed or unclear on plain X-rays. CT and MRI are not routinely used for simple dislocation, however CT is useful in certain cases such as hip dislocation where an occult femoral neck fracture is suspected . [23]
The lesion is associated with any damage to the antero-inferior labrum. Most commonly due to anterior shoulder dislocation. The lesion often occurs after the initial dislocation. In chronic cases, there may be fibrosis and resynovialization of the labrum and periosteum. [citation needed] The lesion is best identified on MR arthrography.
Kernohan's notch is an ipsilateral condition, in that a left-sided primary lesion (in which Kernohan's notch would be on the right side) evokes motor impairment in the left side of the body and a right-sided primary injury evokes motor impairment in the right side of the body. [4]