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English: Translation: Illustrates how a ribosome a mRNA and lots of tRNA molecules work together to produce peptides or proteins. Français : Diagramme montrant comment la traduction de l'ARN messager et la synthèse protéique se font dans les ribosomes.
For example, if the amino acid that attach to the end is phenylalanine, the reaction will be catalyzed by phenylalanine-tRNA synthase to produce tRNA phe. [4] The other end—the bottom often called the "DNA arm"—consists of a three base sequence that pairs with a complementary base sequence in a mRNA. [5]
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The amino acid is joined by its carboxyl group to the 3' OH of the tRNA by an ester bond. When the tRNA has an amino acid linked to it, the tRNA is termed "charged". In bacteria, this aminoacyl-tRNA is carried to the ribosome by EF-Tu, where mRNA codons are matched through complementary base pairing to specific tRNA anticodons. Aminoacyl-tRNA ...
A tRNA is commonly named by its intended amino acid (e.g. tRNA-Asn), by its anticodon sequence (e.g. tRNA(GUU)), or by both (e.g. tRNA-Asn(GUU) or tRNA Asn GUU ). [ 19 ] These two features describe the main function of the tRNA, but do not actually cover the whole diversity of tRNA variation; as a result, numerical suffixes are added to ...
At the end of the initiation step, the mRNA is positioned so that the next codon can be translated during the elongation stage of protein synthesis. The initiator tRNA occupies the P site in the ribosome, and the A site is ready to receive an aminoacyl-tRNA. During chain elongation, each additional amino acid is added to the nascent polypeptide ...
Type 0 and III motifs are weaker and non-specific because they are mediated by interactions with a single 2’-OH (see figure: A-minor Interactions - type 0 and type III interactions). The A-minor motif is among the most common RNA structural motifs in the ribosome, where it contributes to the binding of tRNA to the 23S subunit. [43]
mRNA nucleotide modification: Kinetoplastid mitochondria [6] Ribonuclease P: RNase P: tRNA maturation: All organisms [7] Ribonuclease MRP: RNase MRP: rRNA maturation, DNA replication: Eukaryotes [8] Y RNA: RNA processing, DNA replication: Animals [9] Telomerase RNA Component: TERC Telomere synthesis: Most eukaryotes [10] Spliced Leader RNA: SL ...