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Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet.It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as congenital iodine deficiency syndrome due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems.
Studies indicate that iodine deficiency, either dietary or pharmacologic, can lead to breast atypia and increased incidence of malignancy in animal models, while iodine treatment can reverse dysplasia, [7] [62] [63] with elemental iodine (I 2) having been found to be more effective in reducing ductal hyperplasias and perilobular fibrosis in ...
Iodine deficiency is the most common preventable cause of neonatal and childhood brain damage worldwide. [11] Although iodine is found in many foods, it is not universally present in all soils in adequate amounts. Most iodine, in iodide form, is in the oceans, where the iodide ions are reduced to elemental iodine, which then enters the ...
Iodine deficiency is "the most common preventable cause of mental impairment worldwide." [ 74 ] [ 75 ] "Even moderate [iodine] deficiency, especially in pregnant women and infants , lowers intelligence by 10 to 15 I.Q. points , shaving incalculable potential off a nation's development."
Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of primary hypothyroidism and endemic goiter worldwide. [8] [9] In areas of the world with sufficient dietary iodine, hypothyroidism is most commonly caused by the autoimmune disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis (chronic autoimmune thyroiditis). [8] [9] Hashimoto's may be associated with a goiter.
Goitre is treated according to the cause. If the thyroid gland is producing an excess of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4), radioactive iodine is given to the patient to shrink the gland. If goitre is caused by iodine deficiency, small doses of iodide in the form of Lugol's iodine or KI solution are given.
Iodine is required for thyroid hormone production, which regulates metabolism. Skip to main content. 24/7 Help. For premium support please call: 800-290-4726 more ways to reach us. Sign in ...
The word "cretinism" is an old term for the state of mental and physical retardation resulting from untreated congenital hypothyroidism, usually due to iodine deficiency from birth because of low iodine levels in the soil and local food sources. The term, like so many other 19th century medical terms, acquired pejorative connotations as it ...