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In the case of subjective synonyms, there is no such shared type, so the synonymy is open to taxonomic judgement, [7] meaning that there is room for debate: one researcher might consider the two (or more) types to refer to one and the same taxon, another might consider them to belong to different taxa.
Junior subjective synonyms – synonyms described from different types, which were previously described as separate taxa, but are now believed to be the same taxon. [4] The junior name is treated as invalid only so long as the two names are considered to refer to the same taxon, which is a subjective opinion.
Base rate fallacy – making a probability judgment based on conditional probabilities, without taking into account the effect of prior probabilities. [ 6 ] Conjunction fallacy – the assumption that an outcome simultaneously satisfying multiple conditions is more probable than an outcome satisfying a single one of them.
A cognitive bias is a systematic pattern of deviation from norm or rationality in judgment. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Individuals create their own "subjective reality" from their perception of the input. An individual's construction of reality, not the objective input, may dictate their behavior in the world.
The root of the words subjectivity and objectivity are subject and object, philosophical terms that mean, respectively, an observer and a thing being observed.The word subjectivity comes from subject in a philosophical sense, meaning an individual who possesses unique conscious experiences, such as perspectives, feelings, beliefs, and desires, [1] [3] or who (consciously) acts upon or wields ...
Factors of risk perceptions. Risk perception is the subjective judgement that people make about the characteristics and severity of a risk. [1] [2] [3] Risk perceptions often differ from statistical assessments of risk since they are affected by a wide range of affective (emotions, feelings, moods, etc.), cognitive (gravity of events, media coverage, risk-mitigating measures, etc.), contextual ...
Kurt Baier, "Difficulties in the Emotive-Imperative Theory" in Paul W Taylor (editor): The Moral Judgement: Readings in Contemporary Meta-Ethics Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1963; Ruth Benedict, Patterns of Culture (mentor) Panayot Butchvarov, "Skepticism in Ethics" (Bloomington and Indianapolis, Indiana University Press, 1989).
a personal preference or subjective judgment regarding any issue which might be earn praise or punishment from the religious authorities; religious obligation arising from Divine law leading to sainthood or damnation; a generally accepted cultural standard of behaviour which might enhance group survival or wealth