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Betacoronavirus hongkonense [1] ( commonly called Human coronavirus HKU1 abbreviated as HCoV-HKU1) is a species of coronavirus in humans and animals. It causes an upper respiratory disease with symptoms of the common cold, but can advance to pneumonia and bronchiolitis. [2] It was first discovered in January 2004 from one man in Hong Kong. [3]
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), or paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome (PIMS / PIMS-TS), or systemic inflammatory syndrome in COVID-19 (SISCoV), is a rare systemic illness involving persistent fever and extreme inflammation following exposure to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19. [7]
Human coronavirus OC43 [1] (HCoV-OC43) is a member of the species Betacoronavirus 1, which infects humans and cattle. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The infecting coronavirus is an enveloped , positive-sense , single-stranded RNA virus that enters its host cell by binding to the N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid receptor . [ 4 ]
Alphacoronavirus amsterdamense [1] ( also called Human coronavirus NL63 abbreviated HCoV-NL63) is a species of coronavirus, specifically a Setracovirus from among the Alphacoronavirus genus. It was identified in late 2004 in patients in the Netherlands by Lia van der Hoek and Krzysztof Pyrc [ 2 ] using a novel virus discovery method VIDISCA. [ 3 ]
Several explanations contributing to the milder COVID-19 symptoms experienced, in the acute phase, by children have been suggested, including: [16] [17] a lower expression of ACE-2 (the receptor used by SARS-CoV-2 for cell entry) in the respiratory tract in younger children; viral interference (e.g. by other coronaviruses)
Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infection caused by a group of enteroviruses. [10] It typically begins with a fever and feeling generally unwell. [10] This is followed a day or two later by flat discolored spots or bumps that may blister, on the hands, feet and mouth and occasionally buttocks and groin.
HCoV-229E is associated with a range of respiratory symptoms, ranging from the common cold to high-morbidity outcomes such as pneumonia and bronchiolitis.However, such high morbidity outcomes are almost always seen in cases with co-infection with other respiratory pathogens; there is a single published case report to date of a 229E infection that caused acute respiratory distress syndrome ...
Symptoms of COVID-19. Some less common symptoms of COVID-19 can be relatively non-specific; however the most common symptoms are fever, dry cough, and loss of taste and smell. [1] [22] Among those who develop symptoms, approximately one in five may become more seriously ill and have difficulty in breathing.