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[36] myo-Inositol's role as FSH second messenger leads to a correct ovarian follicle maturation and consequently to a higher oocyte quality. Improving the oocyte quality in both women with or without PCOS, myo-inositol can be considered as a possible approach for increasing the chance of success in assisted reproductive technologies.
Phosphatidylinositol (PI), also known as inositol phospholipid, is a lipid composed of a phosphate group, two fatty acid chains, and one inositol molecule. It belongs to the class of phosphatidylglycerides and is typically found as a minor component on the cytosolic side of eukaryotic cell membranes.
Polycystic ovary syndrome, or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. [14] The syndrome is named after cysts which form on the ovaries of some women with this condition, though this is not a universal symptom and not the underlying cause of the disorder.
inositol-phospholipid signaling pathway. The inositol-phospholipid signaling pathway is responsible for the generation of IP3 through the cleavage of Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) found in the lipid bi-layer of the plasma membrane by phospholipase C in response to either receptor tyrosine kinase or Gq alpha subunit-G protein-coupled receptor signaling.
Inositol phosphates play an important role in signal transduction. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast), the transcriptional regulation of the INO1 gene encoding inositol-3-phosphate synthase has been studied in detail and its expression is sensitive to the availability of phospholipid precursors as well as growth phase. [1]
Not all women with PCOS have difficulty becoming pregnant. For those who do, anovulation is a common cause. The mechanism of this anovulation is uncertain, but there is evidence of arrested antral follicle development, which, in turn, may be caused by abnormal interaction of insulin and luteinizing hormone (LH) on granulosa cells.
The enzyme inositol-1,4-bisphosphate 1-phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.57) catalyzes the reaction . 1D-myo-inositol 1,4-bisphosphate + H 2 O 1D-myo-inositol 4-phosphate + phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds.
The enzyme multiple inositol-polyphosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.62) catalyzes the reaction myo-inositol hexakisphosphate + H 2 O myo-inositol pentakisphosphate (mixed isomers) + phosphate. This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, specifically those acting on phosphoric monoester bonds.