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Biopsy specimen of yolk sac tumor with Schiller-Duval body, H&E stain. Schiller–Duval body is a cellular structure seen by microscope in endodermal sinus tumors (yolk sac tumors) which are the most common testicular cancer in children. Schiller-Duval bodies are present in approximately 50% of these tumors, and if found are pathognomonic. [1]
A micrograph showing yolk sac tumour, with smooth external surface and capsule tears [citation needed] The ovarian yolk sac tumors, also known as endodermal sinus tumors, are accountable for approximately 15.5% of all OGCTs. [8] They have been observed in women particularly in their early ages, and rarely after 40 years of age. [9]
Of special concern is the secretion of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP); under some circumstances, AFP can be used as a diagnostic marker specific for the presence of yolk sac cells within the teratoma. These cells can develop into a frankly malignant tumor known as yolk sac tumor or endodermal sinus tumor.
Histologically, yolk sac tumors are characterized by the presence of Schiller-Duval bodies (which are pathognomonic for yolk sac tumors) and a reticular pattern. Yolk sac tumors commonly secrete alpha-fetoprotein and can be immunohistochemically stained for its presence; the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the blood is a useful marker of ...
An important key to distinguish it from other tumors, such as seminoma (vacuolated), teratocarcinoma (three differentiated germ layers), yolk sac tumor (Schiller–Duval bodies), and the Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor (strings of glands), is that the embryonal carcinoma cells are "trying" to evolve into their next stage of development.
Micrograph showing the yolk sac component of a mixed germ cell tumour. H&E stain. Micrograph of an H&E stained section of a peripheral PNET. Blue nevus Micrograph of a small-cell carcinoma showing cells with nuclear moulding, minimal amount of cytoplasm and stippled chromatin.
A teratoma is a tumor of germ cell origin, containing tissues from more than one germ cell line, [2] [3] [4] It can be ovarian or testicular in its origin. [ 4 ] and are almost always benign. [ 5 ] An immature teratoma is thus a very rare tumor, representing 1% of all teratomas , 1% of all ovarian cancers , and 35.6% of malignant ovarian germ ...
The 1997 International Germ Cell Consensus Classification [17] is a tool for estimating the risk of relapse after treatment of malignant germ-cell tumor. A small study of ovarian tumors in girls [18] reports a correlation between cystic and benign tumors, and conversely, solid and malignant tumors. Because the cystic extent of a tumor can be ...
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