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Smoke detector mounted on a ceiling. A smoke detector is a device that senses smoke, typically as an indicator of fire.Smoke detectors/alarms are usually housed in plastic enclosures, typically shaped like a disk about 125 millimetres (5 in) in diameter and 25 millimetres (1 in) thick, but shape and size vary.
The NFPA 72 (National Fire Alarm and Signaling Code) is a standard published by the National Fire Protection Association every 3 years for installation of fire alarm systems and emergency communication systems in the United States.
A common, residential smoke detector sounds an alarm when smoke is detected. Fire detection works using smoke or heat sensors. These systems are very effective tool at alerting people in the immediate vicinity of where the fire is detected but building regulations [9] require an integrated fire detection system.
This pattern, which is also used for smoke alarms, is named the Temporal-Three alarm signal, often referred to as "T-3" or "Code-3" (ISO 8201 and ANSI/ASA S3.41 Temporal Pattern) and produces an interrupted four count (three half second pulses, followed by a one and one half second pause, repeated for a minimum of 180 seconds).
Residential fire alarm systems are commonplace. Typically, residential fire alarm systems are installed along with security alarm systems. In the United States, a residential fire alarm system is required in buildings where more than 12 smoke detectors are needed. [19] Residential systems generally have fewer parts compared to commercial systems.
In dwellings, smoke detectors are often stand-alone devices. In non-domestic buildings, fire detection will typically take the form of a fire alarm system, incorporating one or more of the following automatic devices: Heat detector; Smoke detector; Flame detector; Fire gas detector