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Albania had about 200 Jews at the beginning of the war. [21] It subsequently became a safe haven for several hundred Jewish refugees from other countries. [22] [23] At the Wannsee Conference in 1942, Adolf Eichmann, planner of the mass murder of Jews across Europe, estimated the number of Jews in Albania that were to be killed at 200. [24]
It is estimated that there were 1,800 Jews in Albania-proper at the end of the Second World War. [40] Albania's Jewish population increased eleven-fold between 1939 and 1945. [37] The Jewish community in Kosovo never fully recovered from the war. [61] Few Jews remained in Kosovo, and many emigrated to Israel during the communist period. [15]
Albania is a secular and religiously diverse country with no official religion and thus, freedom of religion, belief and conscience are guaranteed under the country's constitution. [2] Islam is the most common religion in Albania, followed by Christianity, though religiosity is low and there are many irreligious Albanians.
The Jewish diaspora in the second Temple period (516 BCE – 70 CE) was created from various factors, including through the creation of political and war refugees, enslavement, deportation, overpopulation, indebtedness, military employment, and opportunities in business, commerce, and agriculture. [7]
Orthodox peasants in Albania's southern lowlands loathed him because he supported Muslim landowners' efforts to block land reform; Shkodër's citizens felt shortchanged because their city did not become Albania's capital, while nationalists were dissatisfied because Zogu's government did not press Albania's claims to Kosovo or speak more ...
Albania recognises nine national or cultural minorities: Aromanian, Greek, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Serb, Roma, Egyptian, Bosnian and Bulgarian peoples. [3] Other Albanian minorities are the Gorani people and Jews. [4] Regarding the Greeks, "it is difficult to know how many Greeks there are in Albania".
Christianity in Albania began when Christians arrived in Illyria soon after the time of Jesus, with a bishop being appointed in Dyrrhachium in 58 AD. [ 2 ] When the Roman Empire was divided in 395 AD, modern Albania became part of the Byzantine Empire , but was under the jurisdiction of the Pope until 732, when Emperor Leo III placed the church ...
Albania is listed as having 200 Jews. Albania was the only European country, of those occupied by the Axis powers of World War II, that emerged from World War II with a larger Jewish population than it had before the Holocaust. [1] [2] [3] Its Jewish population rose from 200 before World War II, to more than 3,000 at the end of the war. [4]