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Lead perchlorate trihydrate is produced by the reaction of lead(II) oxide, lead carbonate, or lead nitrate by perchloric acid: . Pb(NO 3) 2 + HClO 4 → Pb(ClO 4) 2 + HNO 3. The excess perchloric acid was removed by first heating the solution to 125 °C, then heating it under moist air at 160 °C to remove the perchloric acid by converting the acid to the dihydrate.
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
The latter is reacted with cold concentrated sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) forming PbCl 4 as an oil. [10] Lead(II) chloride is the main precursor for organometallic derivatives of lead, such as plumbocenes. [11] The usual alkylating agents are employed, including Grignard reagents and organolithium compounds: 2 PbCl 2 + 4 RLi → R 4 Pb + 4 LiCl ...
It dissolves in nitric acid with the evolution of nitric oxide gas to form dissolved Pb(NO 3) 2. 3 Pb + 8 H + + 8 NO − 3 → 3 Pb 2+ + 6 NO − 3 + 2 NO + 4 H 2 O. When heated with nitrates of alkali metals, metallic lead oxidizes to form PbO (also known as litharge), leaving the corresponding alkali nitrite. PbO is representative of lead's ...
Name Dipole moment Polar AB Linear molecules CO Carbon monoxide: 0.112 HA x: Molecules with a single H HF Hydrogen fluoride: 1.86 A x OH Molecules with an OH at one end C 2 H 5 OH Ethanol: 1.69 O x A y: Molecules with an O at one end H 2 O Water: 1.85 N x A y: Molecules with an N at one end NH 3: Ammonia: 1.42 Nonpolar A 2: Diatomic molecules ...
It is then converted to the ammonium salt (NH 4) 2 PbCl 6 by adding ammonium chloride (NH 4 Cl). Finally, the solution is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4, to separate out lead tetrachloride. This series of reactions is conducted at 0 °C. The following equations illustrate the reaction: PbCl 2 + 2HCl + Cl 2 → H 2 PbCl 6
If it is the result of a reaction between a strong acid and a strong base, the result is a neutral salt. Weak acids reacted with weak bases can produce ionic compounds with both the conjugate base ion and conjugate acid ion, such as ammonium acetate. Some ions are classed as amphoteric, being able to react with either an acid or a base. [59]
A perchlorate is a chemical compound containing the perchlorate ion, ClO − 4, the conjugate base of perchloric acid (ionic perchlorate). As counterions, there can be metal cations , quaternary ammonium cations or other ions, for example, nitronium cation ( NO + 2 ).