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This is a list of designs for crewed lunar landers, spacecraft intended to land on the Moon.A key aspect is achieving a soft landing, and for an ascent stage to successfully escape the Moon's gravity. [1]
Soviet crewed lunar programs – The Soviet Union had been pursuing a crewed lunar flyby mission using Soyuz 7K-L1 launched aboard Proton-K and a crewed landing mission using Soyuz 7K-LOK and LK Lander launched aboard N1 rocket. After a series of N1 failures, both of these programs were cancelled in 1970 and 1976 respectively.
bring the lander from Earth parking orbit to pre-landing 100 km (62 mi) lunar orbit and study the spectral and polarimetric measurements of Earth from the lunar orbit. The spacecraft entered lunar orbit on 5 August, and India became the first country to touch down near the lunar south pole , at 69°S, the southernmost lunar landing on 23 August ...
NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter captured this image of the Intuitive Machines Nova-C lander, also called Odysseus, Odie or IM-1, on the moon's surface on February 24 at 1:57 p.m. ET. - NASA ...
First soft landing on the far side of the Moon, lunar rover. Beresheet Israel: 11 April 2019: Israeli lunar lander crash landed on the Moon. Chandrayaan-2 India: 8 September 2019: First attempt to land near the Moon's south pole; lost contact at 2.1 km and crashed. Chang'e 5 China: 1 December 2020
Apollo Apollo Lunar Module-5 Eagle as seen from CSM-107 Columbia. A lunar lander or Moon lander is a spacecraft designed to land on the surface of the Moon.As of 2024, the Apollo Lunar Module is the only lunar lander to have ever been used in human spaceflight, completing six lunar landings from 1969 to 1972 during the United States' Apollo Program.
The Apollo Lunar Module (LM / ˈ l ɛ m /), originally designated the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), was the lunar lander spacecraft that was flown between lunar orbit and the Moon's surface during the United States' Apollo program. It was the first crewed spacecraft to operate exclusively in the airless vacuum of space, and remains the only ...
Surveyor 7 was sent to the Moon in 1968 on a scientific and photographic mission as the seventh and last lunar lander of the American uncrewed Surveyor program.With two previous unsuccessful missions in the Surveyor series, and with Surveyor 7's landing success, Surveyor 7 became the fifth and final spacecraft in the series to achieve a lunar soft landing.