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Shodan (初段), literally meaning "beginning degree," is the lowest black belt rank in Japanese martial arts [1] and the game of Go. The 2nd dan is higher than Shodan, but the 1st dan is called Shodan traditionally and not "Ichidan". This is because the character 初 (sho, alternative pronunciation: hatsu) also means first, new or beginning in ...
Chūdan-no-kamae is also called Seigan-no-kamae (正眼之構), or "right/correct eye posture," because the stance points the tip of the sword at the opponent's eyes. [1] In most traditional schools of swordsmanship, and in the practice of kendo , chūdan-no-kamae is the most basic posture, as it provides a balance between attacking and ...
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The term is used to refer to the basic techniques that are taught and practiced as the foundation of most Japanese martial arts. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The practice and mastery of kihon is essential to all advanced training, and includes the practice of correct body form and breathing, while practicing basics such as stances, punches, kicks, blocks ...
In Japanese martial arts, "initiative" (先, sen) is "the decisive moment when a killing action is initiated." [20] There are two types of initiative in Japanese martial arts, early initiative (先の先, sen no sen), and late initiative (後の先, go no sen). Each type of initiative complements the other, and has different advantages and ...
Many terms used in karate stem from Japanese culture. While many are names (e.g. Heian, Gankaku), others are exclusive to martial arts (e.g. kata, kumite). Many terms are seldom used in daily life, such as zenkutsu dachi, while others appear routinely, such as rei. The Japanese form is often retained in schools outside Japan to preserve the ...
Kumite (Japanese: 組手, literally "grappling hands") is one of the three main sections of karate training, along with kata and kihon. Kumite is the part of karate in which a person trains against an adversary.
In modern Japanese martial arts, kyū-level practitioners hold the ranks below dan or black belt. The kyū ranking system varies from art to art and school to school. In some arts, all the kyū -level practitioners wear white belts while in others different coloured belts, tags or stripes are used; in kendo for example the belt system is not used.