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Herman Hollerith (February 29, 1860 – November 17, 1929) was a German-American statistician, inventor, and businessman who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, in accounting.
Hollerith 1890 tabulating machine with sorting box. [a] Hollerith punched card. The tabulating machine was an electromechanical machine designed to assist in summarizing information stored on punched cards. Invented by Herman Hollerith, the machine was developed to help process data for the 1890 U.S. Census.
The terms punched card, punch card, and punchcard were all commonly used, as were IBM card and Hollerith card (after Herman Hollerith). [1] IBM used "IBM card" or, later, "punched card" at first mention in its documentation and thereafter simply "card" or "cards".
In the 1880s Herman Hollerith was the first to record data on a medium that could then be ... ISBN 0-387-11319-3. includes Hollerith (1889) reprint; Punched card ...
Sorting cards became an issue during the 1900 agricultural census, so Herman Hollerith's company developed the 1901 Hollerith Automatic Horizontal Sorter, [4] a sorter with horizontal pockets. [ 5 ] In 1908, he designed the more compact Hollerith 070 Vertical Sorting Machine [ 6 ] that sorted 250 cards per minute.
The use of punched cards for recording and tabulating data was first proposed and used by Semyon Korsakov around 1805. In 1832 Charles Babbage proposed using similar cards to program and to store computations for his calculating engine. Punched card technology was further developed for data-processing by Herman Hollerith from the 1880s.
Punch card for Herman Hollerith's Electric Sorting and Tabulating Machine, ca. 1895. Items portrayed in this file depicts. inception. 1895. File history.
Charles Babbage knew of Jacquard machines and planned to use cards to store programs in his Analytical Engine. In the late 19th century, Herman Hollerith took the idea of using punched cards to store information a step further when he created a punched card tabulating machine which he used to input data for the 1890 U.S. Census.