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  2. Opal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opal

    Opal occurs in significant quantity and variety in central Mexico, where mining and production first originated in the state of Querétaro. In this region the opal deposits are located mainly in the mountain ranges of three municipalities: Colón, Tequisquiapan, and Ezequiel Montes. During the 1960s through to the mid-1970s, the Querétaro ...

  3. Biogenic silica - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biogenic_silica

    Biogenic silica (bSi), also referred to as opal, biogenic opal, or amorphous opaline silica, forms one of the most widespread biogenic minerals. For example, microscopic particles of silica called phytoliths can be found in grasses and other plants. Silica is an amorphous metalloid oxide formed by complex inorganic polymerization processes.

  4. Moonstone (gemstone) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moonstone_(gemstone)

    Deposits of moonstone occur in Armenia (mainly from Lake Sevan), Australia, the Austrian Alps, Mexico, Madagascar, Myanmar, Norway, Poland, India, Sri Lanka, and the United States. [2] [3] Historically, the most valuable, transparent moonstones with strong blue sheen came from Myanmar. [1] Today, most commercial moonstones come from Sri Lanka. [3]

  5. Mexican Geological Survey - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Geological_Survey

    The Mexican Geological Survey originated as the Directing Committee for Mexican Mineral Resource Research, established in 1944, which published bulletins on the exploration of mineral deposits. In 1949, the organization changed its name to the National Research Institute for Mineral Resources, and in 1955 it became the Non-Renewable Natural ...

  6. List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._state...

    Leaders of states in the U.S. which have significant mineral deposits often create a state mineral, rock, stone or gemstone to promote interest in their natural resources, history, tourism, etc. Not every state has an official state mineral, rock, stone and/or gemstone, however.

  7. Juan de Tolosa - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_de_Tolosa

    With Ibarra he collected a group of miners and returned to the site to exploit the silver deposits which turned out to be the richest in Mexico. On January 20, 1548 Tolosa along with Diego de Ibarra, Cristóbal de Oñate, and Baltazar de Bañuelos Temiño officially founded what is now the city of Zacatecas, later known as the "Civilized North."

  8. Ammolite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammolite

    Ammolite is an opal-like organic gemstone found primarily along the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains of North America.It is commonly unearthed by natural erosion or through the process of various mining practices, within the perimeter of an ancient sea bed called the Western Interior Seaway. [2]

  9. Cave of the Crystals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_of_the_Crystals

    Cave of the Crystals or Giant Crystal Cave (Spanish: Cueva de los cristales) is a cave connected to the Naica Mine at a depth of 300 metres (980 ft), in Naica, Chihuahua, Mexico. It takes the form of a chamber within the limestone host rock of the mine, and is about 109 metres (358 ft) long with a volume of 5,000 to 6,000 cubic metres (180,000 ...