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In chemistry, cyanide (from Greek kyanos 'dark blue') is a chemical compound that contains a C≡N functional group. This group, known as the cyano group, consists of a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom. [1] In inorganic cyanides, the cyanide group is present as the cyanide anion − C≡N. This anion is extremely poisonous.
The cyanate ion is an anion with the chemical formula OCN ... Use of this fact is made in cyanide decontamination processes where oxidants such as permanganate and ...
Acetonitrile, often abbreviated MeCN (methyl cyanide), is the chemical compound with the formula CH 3 CN and structure H 3 C−C≡N. This colourless liquid is the simplest organic nitrile (hydrogen cyanide is a simpler nitrile, but the cyanide anion is not classed as organic). It is produced mainly as a byproduct of acrylonitrile manufacture.
Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN. It is a colorless salt, similar in appearance to sugar, that is highly soluble in water. Most KCN is used in gold mining, organic synthesis, and electroplating. Smaller applications include jewellery for chemical gilding and buffing. [4]
Hydrogen cyanide (formerly known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N.It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F).
Ferrocyanide is the name of the anion [Fe 6] 4−. Salts of this coordination complex give yellow solutions. It is usually available as the salt potassium ferrocyanide, which has the formula K 4 Fe(CN) 6. [Fe(CN) 6] 4− is a diamagnetic species, featuring low-spin iron(II) center in an octahedral ligand environment.
The cyanate anion is isoelectronic with carbon dioxide and with the azide anion, being linear. The C-N distance is 121 pm, about 5 pm longer than for cyanide. [3] [4] Potassium cyanate is isostructural with potassium azide. [5] Structure of potassium azide, [6] which is isostructural with potassium cyanate.
Structure of dicyanamide. Dicyanamide, also known as dicyanamine, is an anion having the formula C 2 N − 3.It contains two cyanide groups bound to a central nitrogen anion.The chemical is formed by decomposition of 2-cyanoguanidine.