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A typical motor start capacitor. A motor capacitor [1] [2] is an electrical capacitor that alters the current to one or more windings of a single-phase alternating-current induction motor to create a rotating magnetic field. [citation needed] There are two common types of motor capacitors, start capacitor and run capacitor (including a dual run ...
The start capacitor is typically mounted to the side of the motor housing. These are called capacitor-start motors, and have relatively high starting torque. There are also capacitor-run induction motors which have a permanently connected phase-shifting capacitor in series with a second winding. The motor is much like a two-phase induction motor.
Schematic of a capacitor start motor. A capacitor start motor is a split-phase induction motor with a starting motor capacitor inserted in series with the startup winding, creating an LC circuit which produces a greater phase shift (and so, a much greater starting torque) than both split-phase and shaded pole motors. This motor has a ...
Some film capacitors of special shapes and styles are used as capacitors for special applications, including RFI/EMI suppression capacitors for connection to the supply mains, also known as safety capacitors, [16] snubber capacitors for very high surge currents, [17] motor run capacitors and AC capacitors for motor-run applications. [18]
Large plastic film capacitors are used extensively in suppression circuits, motor start circuits, and power-factor correction circuits. Ceramic capacitors are generally small, cheap and useful for high frequency applications, although their capacitance varies strongly with voltage and temperature and they age poorly.
Power capacitor application with harmonic currents requires power system analysis to avoid harmonic resonance between capacitors and transformer and circuit reactances. [47] Common bus power factor correction is recommended to minimize resonant risk and to simplify power system analysis. [47]