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Asexual reproduction in plants occurs in two fundamental forms, vegetative reproduction and agamospermy. [1] Vegetative reproduction involves a vegetative piece of the original plant producing new individuals by budding, tillering , etc. and is distinguished from apomixis , which is a replacement of sexual reproduction, and in some cases ...
Aphids are one group of organism that engages in this type of reproduction. They use asexual reproduction to reproduce quickly and create winged offspring that can colonize new plants and reproduce sexually in the fall to lay eggs for the next season. [26] However, some aphid species are obligate parthenotes. [27]
A bulb of Muscari has reproduced vegetatively underground to make two bulbs, each of which produces a flower stem. Vegetative reproduction (also known as vegetative propagation, vegetative multiplication or cloning) is a form of asexual reproduction occurring in plants in which a new plant grows from a fragment or cutting of the parent plant or ...
Tubers help plants perennate (survive winter or dry months), provide energy and nutrients, and are a means of asexual reproduction. [1] Stem tubers manifest as thickened rhizomes (underground stems) or stolons (horizontal connections between organisms); examples include the potato and yam.
Plants use underground stems to multiply by asexual reproduction and to survive from one year to the next, usually through dormancy. [11] Some plants produce stems modified to store energy and preserve a location of potential growth to survive a cold or dry period which normally is a period of inactive growth, and when that period is over the ...
When a stem segment, called a pad, falls off, it can root and form a new plant. Leaves of some plants readily root when they fall off, e.g. Sedum and Echeveria. Fragmentation is observed in nonvascular plants as well, for example, in liverworts and mosses. Small pieces of moss "stems" or "leaves" are often scattered by the wind, water or animals.
In some plants, seeds can be produced without fertilization and the seeds contain only the genetic material of the parent plant. Therefore, propagation via asexual seeds or apomixis is asexual reproduction but not vegetative propagation. [6] Softwood stem cuttings rooting in a controlled environment. Techniques for vegetative propagation include:
A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant, the other being the root. It supports leaves , flowers and fruits , transports water and dissolved substances between the roots and the shoots in the xylem and phloem , engages in photosynthesis, stores nutrients, and produces new living tissue. [ 1 ]