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In the context of metals, an alloy is a substance having metallic properties which is composed of two or more elements. Often at least one of these is a metallic element; the term "alloy" is sometimes used more generally as in silicon–germanium alloys.
Malleable materials can be formed cold using stamping or pressing, whereas brittle materials may be cast or thermoformed. High degrees of ductility occur due to metallic bonds , which are found predominantly in metals; this leads to the common perception that metals are ductile in general.
Some nonmetals (black P, S, and Se) are brittle solids at room temperature (although each of these also have malleable, pliable or ductile allotropes). From left to right in the periodic table, the nonmetals can be divided into the reactive nonmetals and the noble gases. The reactive nonmetals near the metalloids show some incipient metallic ...
Pewter (/ ˈ p juː t ər /) is a malleable metal alloy consisting of tin (85–99%), antimony (approximately 5–10%), copper (2%), bismuth, and sometimes silver. [1] In the past, it was an alloy of tin and lead, but most modern pewter, in order to prevent lead poisoning, is not made with lead.
Smelting and extraction of impure zinc by reducing calamine with wool and other organic substances was accomplished in the 13th century in India. [25] [86] The Chinese did not learn of the technique until the 17th century. [86] Alchemical symbol for the element zinc. Alchemists burned zinc metal in air and collected the resulting zinc oxide on ...
Nickel is hard, malleable and ductile, and has a relatively high electrical and thermal conductivity for transition metals. [21] The high compressive strength of 34 GPa, predicted for ideal crystals, is never obtained in the real bulk material due to formation and movement of dislocations .
Tin is a soft, malleable, ductile and highly crystalline silvery-white metal. When a bar of tin is bent a crackling sound known as the "tin cry" can be heard from the twinning of the crystals. [14] This trait is shared by indium, cadmium, zinc, and mercury in its solid state.
Pure platinum is a lustrous, ductile, and malleable, silver-white metal. [13] Platinum is more ductile than gold, silver or copper, thus being the most ductile of pure metals, but it is less malleable than gold. [14] [15] Its physical characteristics and chemical stability make it useful for industrial applications. [16]