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The list below includes these, and other, influential schools of thought in psychology: Activity-oriented approach; Analytical psychology; Anomalistic psychology
Modern psychoanalysis is the term used by Hyman Spotnitz [1] to describe the techniques he developed for the treatment of narcissistic (also called preverbal or preoedipal) disorders. Theory [ edit ]
Many facets of modern social psychology have roots in research done within the field of cognitive psychology. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] Social cognition is a specific sub-set of social psychology that concentrates on processes that have been of particular focus within cognitive psychology, specifically applied to human interactions.
Postmodern psychology is an approach to psychology that questions whether an ultimate or singular version of truth is actually possible within its field. It challenges the modernist view of psychology as the science of the individual, [1] in favour of seeing humans as a cultural/communal product, dominated by language rather than by an inner self.
This subfield has existed since modern psychology's early days, and is the focus of Division 36 of the American Psychological Association. William James (1842–1910) is regarded by most psychologists of religion/spirituality as the founder of the field, and his Varieties of Religious Experience is considered to be a classic work in the field.
The modern humanistic approach has its roots in phenomenological and existentialist thought [12] (see Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty and Sartre). Eastern philosophy and psychology also play a central role in humanistic psychology, as well as Judeo-Christian philosophies of personalism , as each shares similar concerns about ...
The approaches used were developed within the then-nascent fields of artificial intelligence, computer science, and neuroscience. In the 1960s, the Harvard Center for Cognitive Studies [ 3 ] and the Center for Human Information Processing at the University of California, San Diego were influential in developing the academic study of cognitive ...
This list contains some approaches that may not call themselves a psychotherapy but have a similar aim of improving mental health and well-being through talk and other means of communication. In the 20th century, a great number of psychotherapies were created. All of these face continuous change in popularity, methods, and effectiveness.