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The Canadian flora is depauperate because of the near total glaciation event in the Pleistocene. Due to the vast area of Canada, a tree that is common in one area may be completely absent in another. In particular, many warm-temperate trees can only be grown on the mild Pacific coast (where gardens may contain additional species not listed here).
An endemic species is a plant only native to a certain area. Outside this area, unless spread naturally it is considered non-native, usually as a result of cultivation. Britain and Ireland have few endemic trees, most being micro-species of Whitebeam. But there are some interesting endemic trees nevertheless.
Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names. pp. [i]-xxvii, 1-171, map. Dublin: Stationery Office.
Below is a list of Canadian plants by genus. Due to the vastness of Canada's biodiversity, this page is divided. Many of the plants seen in Canada are introduced by either intentionally or accidentally. N indicated native and X indicated exotic. Those plants whose status is unknown are marked with a ?.
Alan F. Mitchell (4 November 1922 – 3 August 1995) was a British forester, dendrologist and botanist, and author of several books on trees.. Born in Ilford, Essex, he almost single-handedly measured every notable tree in the British Isles, founding the Tree Register of the British Isles (T.R.O.B.I.), which held records of over 100,000 individual notable trees at the time of his death.
According to environment Canada the nation of Canada hosts approximately 17,000 identified species of trees, flowers, herbs, ferns, mosses and other flora. [1] About 3,322 species of vascular plants are native to Canada, and about 830 additional non-native species are recorded as established outside cultivation there. [2]
Almost all major groups of wild plants in British Columbia have edible members that are reported to have been used by the First Nations peoples. [1] Many are still used today. Native plants of B.C. largely contributed to the diets of First Nations peoples of this area before these people and their land were colonized.
Canada's national forest inventory includes many native conifer species. [1] [a] All except the larches are evergreens. [3] Most are in the pine family, except for yews (in the yew family) and junipers, Alaska cedars and thuja cedars (in the cypress family). [4] [5] [6] [b] Softwood from North American conifers has a variety of commercial uses.