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Number of C atoms Number of isomers [3] [4] Number of isomers including stereoisomers [3] [5] Molecular Formula Name of straight chain Synonyms 1 1 1 CH 4: methane: methyl hydride; natural gas 2 1 1 C 2 H 6: ethane: dimethyl; ethyl hydride; methyl methane 3 1 1 C 3 H 8: propane: dimethyl methane; propyl hydride 4 2 2 C 4 H 10: n-butane: butyl ...
In an alkane, each carbon atom is sp 3-hybridized with 4 sigma bonds (either C–C or C–H), and each hydrogen atom is joined to one of the carbon atoms (in a C–H bond). The longest series of linked carbon atoms in a molecule is known as its carbon skeleton or carbon backbone. The number of carbon atoms may be considered as the size of the ...
[3] Unsaturated hydrocarbons, which have one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms. Those with one or more double bonds are called alkenes. Those with one double bond have the formula C n H 2n (assuming non-cyclic structures). [1]: 628 Those containing triple bonds are called alkyne. Those with one triple bond have the formula C n ...
C 3 H 4 Cl 2 F 2 O: methoxyflurane: 76-38-0 C 3 H 4 F 2 O 2: methyl difluoroacetate: 433-53-4 C 3 H 4 N 2: methyleneaminoacetonitrile: 109-82-0 C 3 H 4 O: cyclopropanone: 5009-27-8 C 3 H 4 O: methoxyacetylene: 6443-91-0 C 3 H 4 O: methylketene: 6004-44-0 C 3 H 4 O 2: glycidaldehyde: 765-34-4 C 3 H 4 O 2: propanedial: 542-78-9 C 3 H 4 O 3 ...
An atom (or ion) whose oxidation number increases in a redox reaction is said to be oxidized (and is called a reducing agent). It is accomplished by loss of one or more electrons. The atom whose oxidation number decreases gains (receives) one or more electrons and is said to be reduced. This relation can be remembered by the following mnemonics.
In organic chemistry, a primary carbon is a carbon atom which is bound to only one other carbon atom. [1] It is thus at the end of a carbon chain . In case of an alkane , three hydrogen atoms are bound to a primary carbon (see propane in the figure on the right).
For example, CH 3-CH 3 is the alkane ethANe. The name of CH 2 =CH 2 is therefore ethENe. For straight-chain alkenes with 4 or more carbon atoms, that name does not completely identify the compound. For those cases, and for branched acyclic alkenes, the following rules apply: Find the longest carbon chain in the molecule.
In organic chemistry, a ketone / ˈ k iː t oʊ n / is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' is methyl), with the formula (CH 3) 2 CO ...