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John E. Arnold circa 1955, showing prop used in Arcturus IV case study for Creative Engineering course. John Edward Arnold (né Paulsen; [1] March 14, 1913 – September 28, 1963) was an American professor of mechanical engineering and professor of business administration at Stanford University.
Robert Lowell Fantz [1] (1925–1981) [2] was an American developmental psychologist who pioneered several studies into infant perception. In particular, the preferential looking paradigm introduced by Fantz in the 1961 is widely used in cognitive development and categorization studies among small babies.
Systematic inventive thinking (SIT) is a thinking method developed in Israel in the mid-1990s.Derived from Genrich Altshuller's TRIZ engineering discipline, SIT is a practical approach to creativity, innovation and problem solving, which has become a well known methodology for innovation.
The research-based design process is a research process proposed by Teemu Leinonen, [1] [2] inspired by several design theories. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] It is strongly oriented towards the building of prototypes and it emphasizes creative solutions, exploration of various ideas and design concepts, continuous testing and redesign of the design solutions.
The origins of design thinking lie in the development of psychological studies on creativity in the 1940s and the development of creativity techniques in the 1950s. 1960s The first notable books on methods of creativity are published by William J. J. Gordon (1961) [ 69 ] and Alex Faickney Osborn (1963).
The Linear Model of Innovation was an early model designed to understand the relationship of science and technology that begins with basic research that flows into applied research, development and diffusion [1] It posits scientific research as the basis of innovation which eventually leads to economic growth. [2]
The quadruple and quintuple innovation helix framework describes university-industry-government-public-environment interactions within a knowledge economy.In innovation helix framework theory, first developed by Henry Etzkowitz and Loet Leydesdorff [1] [2] and used in innovation economics and theories of knowledge, such as the knowledge society and the knowledge economy, each sector is ...
Experience of the sublime, as opposed to the beautiful, results in a different pattern of brain activity; [59] moreover, where it comes to judgment, although aesthetic and perceptual judgments leads t activity in the same brain areas, the pattern of activity is also different between the two, one of the most marked differences being the ...