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Electrical conductivity of water samples is used as an indicator of how salt-free, ion-free, or impurity-free the sample is; the purer the water, the lower the conductivity (the higher the resistivity). Conductivity measurements in water are often reported as specific conductance, relative to the conductivity of pure water at 25 °C.
G.W.C. Kaye and T. H. Laby in Tables of physical and chemical constants, Longman ... Section 12, Properties of Solids; Electrical Resistivity of Pure Metals; CR2
In this case the conductivity of purified water often is 10 to 20 times higher. A discussion can be found below. Typical drinking water is in the range of 200–800 μS/cm, while sea water is about 50 mS/cm [3] (or 0.05 S/cm). Conductivity is traditionally determined by connecting the electrolyte in a Wheatstone bridge.
The resistivity and conductivity are proportionality constants, and therefore depend only on the material the wire is made of, not the geometry of the wire. Resistivity and conductivity are reciprocals: = /. Resistivity is a measure of the material's ability to oppose electric current.
Absolutely pure water has a conductivity of 0.05501 μS/cm and a resistivity of 18.18 MΩ⋅cm at 25 °C, the most common reference temperature to which these measurements are compensated. An example of the sensitivity to contamination of these measurements is that 0.1 ppb of sodium chloride raises the conductivity of pure water to 0.05523 μS ...
It is known that the theoretical maximum electrical resistivity for water is approximately 18.2 MΩ·cm (182 kΩ·m) at 25 °C. [56] This figure agrees well with what is typically seen on reverse osmosis, ultra-filtered and deionized ultra-pure water systems used, for instance, in semiconductor manufacturing plants. A salt or acid contaminant ...
The electrical resistivity, the inverse of the electrical conductivity (=), is expressed as = with for the total fluid saturated rock resistivity, and for the resistivity of the fluid itself (w meaning water or an aqueous solution containing dissolved salts with ions bearing electricity in solution).
I noticed that the resistivity value was still incorrect (1.8e7 Ohm.m) in the table (but conductivity value was correct, hence the table was inconsistent). I have now updated the table to the correct resistivity value of 1.8e5 Ohm.m, which is the same as 18 MOhm.cm. EV1TE 14:03, 5 November 2019 (UTC)