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A gradient of red cabbage extract pH indicator from acidic solution on the left to basic on the right. Red cabbage contains an anthocyanin-based dye that can be used as a pH indicator. It is red, pink, or magenta in acids (pH < 7), purple in neutral solutions (pH ≈7), and ranges from blue to green to yellow in alkaline solutions (pH > 7). [7]
Extracting anthocyanins from household plants, especially red cabbage, to form a crude pH indicator is a popular introductory chemistry demonstration. Litmus, used by alchemists in the Middle Ages and still readily available, is a naturally occurring pH indicator made from a mixture of lichen species, particularly Roccella tinctoria.
Red cabbage extract at low pH (left) to high pH (right) Anthocyanins generally are degraded at higher pH. However, some anthocyanins, such as petanin (petunidin 3-[6- O -(4- O -( E )- p -coumaroyl- O -α- l -rhamnopyranosyl)-β- d -glucopyranoside]-5- O -β- d -glucopyranoside), are resistant to degradation at pH 8 and may be used effectively ...
It can also be found in other fruits such as apples and plums, and in red cabbage and red onion. It has a characteristic reddish-purple color, though this can change with pH; solutions of the compound are red at pH < 3, violet at pH 7-8, and blue at pH > 11. In certain fruits, the highest concentrations of cyanidin are found in the seeds and skin.
Botanical Name: Rosa hybrid 'Meigremlis' Sun Exposure: Full sun Soil Type: Rich, moist, well-draining Soil pH: Slightly acidic to neutral (6.0-7.0) USDA Hardiness Zones: 5 to 11. Roses are ...
Cabbage, comprising several cultivars of Brassica oleracea, is a leafy green, red (purple), or white (pale green) biennial plant grown as an annual vegetable crop for its dense-leaved heads.
Add the sliced red cabbage, cover and cook, stirring occasionally, until the cabbage is tender, about 20 minutes. 2. Meanwhile, in a large pot of boiling salted water, cook the linguine until it is al dente. Drain the pasta well, reserving 1 cup of the pasta cooking water. Return the pasta to the pot. 3. Scrape the cabbage over the pasta.
Plants contain pH-dependent pigments that can be used as pH indicators, such as those found in hibiscus, red cabbage (anthocyanin), and grapes . Citrus fruits have acidic juice primarily due to the presence of citric acid, while other carboxylic acids can be found in various living systems.