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Scandinavia was formally Christianized by 1100 AD. The period 1050 to 1350—when the Black Death struck Europe —is considered the Older Middle Ages . The Kalmar Union between the Scandinavian countries was established in 1397 and lasted until King Gustav Vasa ended it upon seizing power during the Swedish War of Liberation , which concluded ...
The Christianization of Scandinavia, as well as other Nordic countries and the Baltic countries, took place between the 8th and the 12th centuries. The realms of Denmark , Norway and Sweden established their own archdioceses , responsible directly to the pope , in 1104, 1154 and 1164, respectively.
Side view of Uppsala Cathedral, the headquarters of the Church of Sweden.. Religion in Sweden has, over the years, become increasingly diverse.Christianity was the religion of virtually all of the Swedish population from the 12th to the early 20th century, but it has rapidly declined throughout the late 20th and early 21st century.
The Roman Empire cannot be considered Christianized before Justinian I in the sixth century, though most scholars agree the Empire was never fully Christianized. [ 105 ] [ 1 ] Archaeologist and historian Judith Herrin has written in her article on "Book Burning as Purification" that under Justinian, there was considerable destruction. [ 109 ]
Medieval Scandinavia: From Conversion to Reformation, circa 800–1500. University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-1739-5. Winroth, Anders (2012). The Conversion of Scandinavia: Vikings, Merchants, and Missionaries in the Remaking of Northern Europe. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-17026-9.
In 1920, the first edition of the news and cultural magazine Credo was released, today known as Signum. During and after World War II, the Catholic population increased due to refugees and immigrants. In 1946, the Catholic aid organisation Caritas Sweden was established to provide help for refugees both in Sweden and in the rest of Europe. [10]
Norway was Christianized as a result of missions from both the British Isles (by Haakon I of Norway and Olaf I of Norway), and from the Continent (by Ansgar). It took several hundred years to complete the Christianization, culminating on 29 July 1030 with the Battle of Stiklestad, when King Olaf II of Norway was killed.
During the Weichselian glaciation, almost all of Scandinavia was buried beneath a thick permanent sheet of ice and the Stone Age was delayed in this region.Some valleys close to the watershed were indeed ice-free around 30 000 years B.P. Coastal areas were ice-free several times between 75 000 and 30 000 years B.P. and the final expansion towards the late Weichselian maximum took place after ...