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The serotonin transporter (SERT or 5-HTT) also known as the sodium-dependent serotonin transporter and solute carrier family 6 member 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene. [5] SERT is a type of monoamine transporter protein that transports the neurotransmitter serotonin from the synaptic cleft back to the presynaptic ...
5-HTTLPR (serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region) is a degenerate repeat (redundancy in the genetic code) polymorphic region in SLC6A4, the gene that codes for the serotonin transporter. Since the polymorphism was identified in the middle of the 1990s, [ 1 ] [ 2 ] it has been extensively investigated, e.g., in connection with ...
A 2003 study proposed that a gene-environment interaction (GxE) may explain why life stress is a predictor for depressive episodes in some individuals, but not in others, depending on an allelic variation of the serotonin-transporter-linked promoter region . [15]
They act by antagonizing the α 2-adrenergic receptor and certain serotonin receptors such as 5-HT 2A and 5-HT 2C, [1] but also 5-HT 3, [1] 5-HT 6, and/or 5-HT 7 in some cases. By blocking α 2 -adrenergic autoreceptors and heteroreceptors , NaSSAs enhance adrenergic and serotonergic neurotransmission in the brain involved in mood regulation ...
There is also clinical evidence of the value of SSRIs in the treatment of the symptoms of schizophrenia and their ability to prevent cardiovascular diseases. [1] SSRIs primarily inhibit serotonin transporter (SERT) in the brain and have negligible effects on dopamine transporter (DAT) and norepinephrine transporter (NET).
BDNF is involved in depression through its effects on serotonin. BDNF has been shown to promote the development, function, and expression of serotonergic neurons. [28] Because more active serotonin results in more positive moods, antidepressants work to increase serotonin levels.
5-HT receptors were split into two classes by John Gaddum and Picarelli when it was discovered that some of the serotonin-induced changes in the gut could be blocked by morphine, while the remainder of the response was inhibited by dibenzyline, leading to the naming of M and D receptors, respectively. 5-HT 2A is thought to correspond to what was originally described as D subtype of 5-HT ...
The 7 general serotonin receptor classes include a total of 14 known serotonin receptors. [9] The 15th receptor 5-HT 1P has been distinguished on the basis of functional and radioligand binding studies, its existence has never been definitely affirmed or refuted. [10] [11] The specific types have been characterized as follows: [12] [13] [14]